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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the cohort, by hypertension in pregnancy (n = 220)

From: Pre-pregnancy predictors of hypertension in pregnancy among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women in north Queensland, Australia; a prospective cohort study

Pre-pregnancy characteristic

No hypertension during pregnancy (n = 198)

Hypertension during pregnancy (n = 22)

  
 

n

% of n or mean (sd)

n

% of n or mean (sd)

Unadjusted PR (95% CI)

p value

Indigenous group

      

Aboriginal

112

56.6

16

72.7

1.00

 

Torres Strait Islandera

86

43.4

6

27.3

0.52 (0.21-1.28)

0.157

Age years (mean, sd)

198

23.9 (5.4)

22

23.7 (6)

0.99 (0.92-1.07)

0.914

Waist circumference (cm)

      

< 80

65

33

5

22.7

1.00

 

80-87.9

40

20.3

2

9.1

0.67 (0.13-3.30)

0.619

≥ 88

92

46.7

15

68.2

1.96 (0.74-5.17)

0.372

Waist circumference (mean, sd)

197

88.7 (15.8)

22

95.4 (17.6)

1.02 (1.00-1.04)

0.054

BMI category (kg/m2)

      

< 18.5

23

11.6

0

0

  

18.5-25

74

37.4

7

31.8

1.00

 

25-30

48

24.2

6

27.3

1.29 (0.46-3.63)

0.635

≥ 30+

53

26.7

9

40.9

1.68 (0.66-4.26)

0.276

BMI (mean, sd)

198

26.1(7)

22

29 (6.5)

1.05 (1.00-1.09)

0.033

Smoker

      

No

57

28.9

8

36.4

1.00

 

Yes

140

71.1

14

63.6

0.74 (0.33-3.68)

0.469

Alcohol use

      

Safe drinker

56

28.9

4

18.2

1.00

 

Non drinker

64

33

7

31.8

1.48 (0.45-4.82)

0.517

Risky drinker

74

38.1

11

50

1.94 (0.65-5.82)

0.236

Enough physical activity

      

No

160

80.8

17

77.3

1.00

 

Yes

38

19.2

5

22.7

1.23 (0.47-3.11)

0.691

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

      

≤ 120

142

72.1

8

36.4

1.00

 

> 120

55

27.9

14

63.6

3.80 (1.67-8.67)

0.001

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

      

≤ 80

190

96.5

19

86.4

1.00

 

> 80

7

3.5

3

13.6

3.30 (1.16-9.35)

0.025

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

      

≤ 5.5

176

90.3

20

90.9

1.00

 

> 5.5 (elevated)

19

9.7

2

9.1

0.93 (0.23-3.73)

0.922

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

      

≤ 2

173

89.6

19

86.4

1.00

 

> 2 (elevated)

20

10.4

3

13.6

1.31 (0.42-4.12)

0.635

HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

      

> 1

108

56.5

9

40.9

1.00

 

≤ 1 (low)

83

43.5

13

59.1

1.76 (0.78-3.95)

0.170

Red cell folate (nmol/L)

      

≥ 295

126

65

17

77.3

1.00

 

< 295 (low)

68

35

5

22.7

0.58 (0.22-1.50)

0.260

Fasting glucose (mmol/L)

      

≤ 5.5

182

93.3

20

90.9

1.00

 

> 5.5

13

6.7

2

9.1

1.35 (0.35-5.24)

0.668

Albumin:creatinine ratio (mg/mmol)

      

≤ 3.4

121

82.3

13

68.4

1.00

 

>3.4

26

17.7

6

31.6

2.25 (0.39-13.05)

0.366

Gamma-glutamyl transferase (U/L)

      

≤ 50

183

93.9

20

90.9

1.00

 

> 50 (elevated)

12

6.1

2

9.1

1.45 (0.37-5.60)

0.590

Metabolic syndromeb

      

No

153

80.1

12

57.1

1.00

 

Yes

38

19.9

9

42.9

2.63 (1.18-5.88)

0.018

  1. Denominators vary because of missing values.
  2. aWomen in this group self-identified as Torres Strait Islander or, as both Torres Strait Islander and Aboriginal origin.
  3. bDefined by International Diabetes Federation criteria as comprising waist circumference ≥ 80 cm plus two or more of the following: raised triglycerides (≥ 1.7 mmol/L), reduced high-density lipoprotein (< 1.29 mmol/L), raised blood pressure (systolic ≥ 130 mm Hg or diastolic ≥ 85 mm Hg) and raised plasma glucose (≥ 5.6 mmol/L). Women with diabetes excluded.