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Table 1 Characteristics of participants stratified by disability status

From: Distribution and determinants of functioning and disability in aged adults - results from the German KORA-Age study

  

n

Total

No disability

Any disability

p-value

Age at examination

 

4117

73.56 (6.09)

71.65 (5.06)

75.92 (6.42)

< 0.0001

Sex

Female

4117

2109 (51.2%)

974 (42.8%)

1135 (61.7%)

< 0.0001

Marital Status

unmarried

4062

148 (3.6%)

69 (3.1%)

79 (4.4%)

< 0.0001

 

divorced

 

229 (5.6%)

121 (5.4%)

108 (6%)

 
 

widowed

 

954 (23.5%)

387 (17.2%)

567 (31.3%)

 
 

married

 

2731 (67.2%)

1676 (74.4%)

1055 (58.3%)

 

Education (per year)

 

4116

10.84 (2.45)

11.2 (2.59)

10.39 (2.18)

< 0.0001

Per Capita Income in €1000

 

3830

1.11 (0.53)

1.16 (0.56)

1.04 (0.49)

< 0.0001

Smoking

never

4113

2242 (54.5%)

1197 (52.6%)

1045 (56.9%)

0.0047

 

former

 

1611 (39.2%)

919 (40.4%)

692 (37.7%)

 
 

occasional

 

27 (0.7%)

12 (0.5%)

15 (0.8%)

 
 

regular

 

233 (5.7%)

148 (6.5%)

85 (4.6%)

 

Alcohol abstinence

Yes

4088

649 (15.9%)

247 (10.9%)

402 (22.1%)

< 0.0001

Malnutrition score

 

4117

38.27 (5.47)

39.5 (4.71)

36.74 (5.93)

< 0.0001

Physical activity

Active

4117

2290 (55.6%)

1542 (67.7%)

748 (40.7%)

< 0.0001

BMI

 

4081

27.41 (4.18)

26.97 (3.69)

27.96 (4.67)

< 0.0001

Diseases

      

 Pulmonal disease

Yes

4117

433 (10.5%)

161 (7.1%)

272 (14.8%)

< 0.0001

 Joint disease

Yes

4117

676 (16.4%)

239 (10.5%)

437 (23.8%)

< 0.0001

 Gastrointestinal disease

Yes

4117

361 (8.8%)

154 (6.8%)

207 (11.2%)

< 0.0001

 Heart disease

Yes

4117

1087 (26.4%)

468 (20.6%)

619 (33.6%)

< 0.0001

 Stroke

Yes

4112

283 (6.9%)

84 (3.7%)

199 (10.8%)

< 0.0001

 Kidney disease

Yes

4117

168 (4.1%)

65 (2.9%)

103 (5.6%)

< 0.0001

 Liver disease

Yes

4117

95 (2.3%)

43 (1.9%)

52 (2.8%)

0.0591

 Cancer

Yes

4105

178 (4.3%)

89 (3.9%)

89 (4.9%)

0.1625

 Diabetes

Yes

4110

707 (17.2%)

301 (13.2%)

406 (22.1%)

< 0.0001

 Fracture in last 5 years

Yes

4088

420 (10.3%)

163 (7.2%)

257 (14.1%)

< 0.0001

 Neurologic Disease

Yes

4117

142 (3.4%)

39 (1.7%)

103 (5.6%)

< 0.0001

 Eye Disease

Yes

4116

1585 (38.5%)

703 (30.9%)

882 (48%)

< 0.0001

  1. No disability (HAQ-DI = 0) vs. Any disability (HAQ-DI > 0): For continuous variables we report mean and standard deviation in parentheses. For categorical variables we report absolute frequencies and column-wise relative frequencies. We used Wilcoxon rank-sum test to test for difference in continuous variables and Pearson's chi-squared test for categorical variables.
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