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Table 4 Profile of identified clusters

From: Screen-based media use clusters are related to other activity behaviours and health indicators in adolescents

 

C1‘Instrumental computer users’

C2 ‘Multi-modal E-gamers’

C3 ‘Computer E-gamers’

 
 

(n = 274)

(n = 185)

(n = 184)

p-value1

Gender (n = 643)

    

  Male n (%)

58 (21.2)a

185 (100.0)b

50 (27.2)a

<0.001

  Female n (%)

216 (78.8)

0

134 (72.8)

 

SBM activity (h/week: median, interquartile range)(n = 643)

    

  Computer

    

  General comp use

1.8a (3.2)

0.0b (2.1)

0.0c (0.0)

<0.001

  Email

0.2a (3.3)

0.0b (0.0)

0.0b (0.0)

<0.001

  Computer-graphics

0.0 (0.0)

0.0 (0.0)

0.0 (0.0)

0.079

  Internet

0.3a (1.8)

0.0b (1.4)

0.0c (0.0)

<0.001

  Word processing

0.0a (0.5)

0.0a (0.0)

0.0b (0.0)

<0.001

  Computer games

0.0a (0.2)

2.7b (7.1)

0.8c (5.3)

<0.001

 Non-computer games

0.0a (0.0)

3.1b (7.0)

0.0a (0.0)

<0.001

 TV

12.8a (9.6)

20.9b (13.8)

16.8c (14.2)

<0.001

 Total SBM

21.2 a (11.9)

34.1b (20.4)

22.1a (14.6)

<0.001

  Males

24.1 a (13.1)

34.1b (20.4)

22.3a (17.6)

<0.001

  Females

20.8 (11.7)

 

22.1 (14.4)

0.098

Other activities

    

 Reading (h/wk: median, IQR)(n = 643)

    

  Males

0.9 (2.3)

1.2 (2.9)

1.3 (3.9)

0.122

  Females

1.6 (3.1)

 

1.7 (3.0)

0.674

 Phone use (h/wk: median, IQR) (n = 643)

    

  Males

0.0a (0.9)

0.0b (0.2)

0.0b (0.0)

0.009

  Females

0.3 (1.3)

 

0.2 (1.2)

0.352

 Pedometer count (n = 537) (steps/wk: mean, SD)

    

  Males

87,472a(27,262)

73,684b (26,544)

88,490a (32,191)

<0.001

  Females

68,589 (22,455)

 

68,187 (24,264)

0.885

 MVPA exercise out of school (n = 643)(h/wk: mean, SD)

    

  Males

18.2a (8.4)

14.7b (7.8)

16.3a,b (9.7)

0.017

  Females

12.9 (6.6)

 

13.5 (7.4)

0.380

Physical measures

    

 Body mass index (mean, SD)(n = 641)

    

  Males

20.1 (3.4)

20.7 (3.7)

20.8 (4.2)

0.536

  Females

21.4 (4.0)

 

21.2 (4.4)

0.629

 Back muscle endurance (secs: mean, SD)(n = 634)

    

  Males

98.9 (67.4)

81.0 (55.9)

96.0 (70.9)

0.082

  Females

89.2 (63.1)

 

90.7 (68.9)

0.839

Sitting trunk angle (deg: mean, SD)(n = 609)

    

Males

236.1 (11.6)

239.3 (11.9)

235.8 (11.1)

0.074

Females

224.9 (10.0)

 

226.7 (10.7)

0.126

Spinal pain

    

 Neck pain sitting (n (%))(n = 639)

    

  Males

3 (5.3)

10 (5.4)

1 (2.0)

0.593

  Females

20 (9.4)

 

11 (8.2)

0.717

 Back pain sitting (n (%))(n = 641)

    

  Males

6 (10.5)

19 (10.3)

6 (12.0)

0.943

  Females

34 (15.7)

 

28 (20.9)

0.220

Psychosocial measures

    

 Self-efficacy2 (mean, SD)(n = 638)

    

  Males

3.5 (0.6)

3.4 (0.6)

3.4 (0.6)

0.531

  Females

3.4a (0.6)

 

3.2b (0.7)

0.028

 Depression3 (median, IQR)(n = 639)

    

  Males

3.0a (4.0)

4.0b (7.0)

4.0b (7.0)

0.046

  Females

5.0 (8.0)

 

5.0 (9.0)

0.995

 Internalising behaviour4(mean, SD)(n = 636)

    

  Males

7.4 (5.0)

9.1 (6.1)

10.0 (6.8)

0.071

  Females

10.2 (6.5)

 

10.2 (6.6)

0.950

 Externalising behaviour4 (mean, SD)(n = 636)

    

  Males

9.4 (6.2)

10.3 (6.3)

10.1 (5.5)

0.647

  Females

10.6(6.6)

 

9.8 (5.5)

0.262

Socioeconomic Status

    

 based on CD5 (mean, SD)(n = 625)

    

  Males

1073a (82)

1035b (91)

1029b (93)

0.016

  Females

1042 (88)

 

1024 (94)

0.062

  1. 1ANOVA used where mean (SD) reported, Kruskal-Wallis test used where median(IQR) reported, chi-squared test used where n(%) reported (or Fishers exact test where expected count <5).
  2. 2Cowen’s Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale, possible score ranges from 1–5, with higher scores indicating greater self-efficacy.
  3. 3Beck’s Depression Inventory, possible score ranges from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating more depressed mood.
  4. 4Youth Self-Report version of Child Behaviour Checklist, Internalising range 0–62, Externalising 0–60, higher scores indicate more behaviouralproblems.
  5. 5Advantage/Disadvantage (IAD) from Socio Economic Index for Areas (SEIFA) based on postcode, standardised to population mean of 1,000 with SD of 100.
  6. a,b,c Superscripted letters define significantly different groups, ie results with different letters are significantly different.
  7. Activity, physical and mental health variables that were significantly different between clusters have p values shown in bold.