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Table 1 Objectively measured family dog walking behaviour for intervention and control groups

From: Children, parents and pets exercising together (CPET): exploratory randomised controlled trial

 

Baseline

Follow-up

   
 

Intervention mean (SD)

Control mean (SD)

Intervention mean (SD)

Control mean (SD)

Intervention –control difference (95% CI)

p value‡

Effect size (Cohen’s d)

 

N = 15

N = 12

N = 15

N = 12

   

Number of walks per week

2.7 (2.1)

2.6 (2.6)

2.6 (1.2)

2 (1.7)

0.5 (-0.4, 1.4)

0.19

0.23

Total duration of dog walking (mins/week)

53 (58)

25 (29)

47 (37)

23 (23)

-4 (-25, 17)

0.12

0.10

Child mean accelerometer cpm* during dog walking

2117 (1289)

1953 (1136)

2784 (1279)

2490 (1724)

130 (-539, 799)

0.41

0.10

% time child spent walk in MVPA†

22.1 (21.4)

18.9 (18.6)

26.1 (21.7)

15.2 (21.7)

7.7 (-1.7, 17.1)

0.12

0.32

Parent mean accelerometer cpm* during dog walking

1996 (1673)

1518 (1205)

2216 (1237)

1601 (976)

137 (-486, 760)

0.39

0.10

% time parent spent walk in MVPA§

45.3 (41.2)

31.7 (34.5)

42.0 (30.8)

20.3 (23.8)

8.1 (-6.4, 22.6)

0.11

0.22

Dog mean accelerometer cpm* during dog walking

3595 (2031)

3549 (2572)

4558 (1746)

3766 (2155)

746 (-345, 1837)

0.39

0.27

% time dog spent in light-mod PA¶

60.4 (34.5)

69.4 (39.3)

55.2 (32.4)

37.6 (40.1)

26.6 (6.8, 46.4)

0.06

0.53

% time dog spent in vigorous PA**

19.6 (17.7)

13.9 (23.2)

24.7 (17.3)

12.7 (19.6)

6.3 (-4.2, 16.8)

0.03

0.24

  1. *cpm = counts per minute.
  2. †≥3200 accelerometer cpm.
  3. §≥1952 accelerometer cpm.
  4. ¶1352–5965 accelerometer cpm.
  5. **≥5696 accelerometer cpm.
  6. ‡Intervention and control groups were compared using analysis of covariance.
  7. Of the 28 families recruited, 1 parent and 1 dog (from the same family) returned invalid accelerometry data at baseline and were excluded from analysis.