Work stress and depressive symptoms in older employees: impact of national labour and social policies

BMC Public Health

Table 3 Labour/Social policy indicators by country (rank order)

Country	ALMP^a	Rehabilitative services^b	Lifelong learning^c	Unemployment benefit^d	Union density^e	GINI^f
Sweden	0.98 (2)	0.22 (4)	61 (1)	1.29 (7)	78.1 (1)	0.24 (2)
Denmark	1.37 (1)	0.30 (2)	29 (5)	1.94 (3)	71.7 (2)	0.23 (1)
Germany	0.84 (5)	0.15 (5)	28 (6)	2.27 (1)	22.2 (8)	0.30 (5)
Netherlands	0.89 (3)	0.56 (1)	29 (5)	2.09 (2)	21.3 (9)	0.27 (3)
Belgium	0.87 (4)	0.12 (6)	29 (5)	1.56 (5)	53.1 (3)	0.27 (3)
France	0.72 (6)	0.06 (8)	16 (9)	1.63 (4)	7.8 (13)	0.28 (4)
Switzerland	0.64 (7)	0.25 (3)	45 (2)	1.03 (9)	19.6 (10)	0.27 (3)
Austria	0.44 (10)	0.04 (9)	25 (7)	1.12 (8)	34.4 (4)	0.27 (3)
Italy	0.54 (9)	0.00 (12)	12 (10)	0.64 (10)	34.1 (5)	0.35 (8)
Spain	0.63 (8)	0.07 (7)	17 (8)	1.46 (6)	15.5 (11)	0.31 (6)
Greece	0.14 (11)	0.00 (12)	5 (11)	0.40 (11)	24.5 (7)	0.31 (6)
England	0.06 (13)	0.01 (11)	37 (4)	0.19 (13)	29.4 (6)	0.34 (7)
USA	0.11 (12)	0.03 (10)	40 (3)	0.27 (12)	12.0 (12)	0.37 (9)

^aALMP: expenditure in % of GDP invested into active labour market programmes in 2004.
^bRehabilitative services: expenditure in % of GDP invested into rehabilitative services in 2004.
^cLifelong Learning: participation rates in workplace training or education for persons aged 55 to 64 in 2007.
^dUnemployment benefit: expenditure in % of GDP invested into income maintenance and support in 2004.
^eUnion density: percentage of salary earners that are trade union members in 2004.
^fGINI: measure of inequality of income (mid 2000′s).
Source: OECD [35, 36].

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