Table 1 Description of measures and sample (N = 5650)

Sex

Male

56.2

3176

6.2

Female

43.8

2474

11.4

.000

Age group (2004)

50-54 years

40.1

2263

9.6

55-59 years

40.8

2304

8.4

60-64 years

19.2

1083

6.2

.004

Effort-reward Imbalance

Yes

30.0

1696

11.1

No

70.0

3954

7.3

.000

Low work control

Yes

29.8

1683

11.0

No

70.2

3967

7.4

.000

Income

Low

31.0

1744

11.0

Medium

34.1

1926

9.9

High

35.0

1980

7.1

.000

Education

Low

26.8

1512

9.5

Medium

38.0

2144

8.9

High

35.3

1994

7.1

.023

Employment status

Self-employed

17.2

970

7.2

Employed

82.8

4680

8.7

.126

Work time

Part-time

26.9

1517

9.6

Full-time

73.2

4113

8.1

.072

Heart disease

Yes

6.5

367

9.3

No

93.5

5283

8.4

.567

High blood pressure

Yes

25.0

1414

8.8

No

75.0

4236

8.4

.629

Stroke

Yes

0.9

51

19.6

No

99.1

5599

8.4

.004

Diabetes

Yes

5.0

281

11.0

No

95.0

5369

8.3

.112

≥1 Limitation in activities of daily living

Yes

3.0

170

14.7

No

67.0

5480

8.3

.003

Country

Sweden

11.7

660

9.6

Denmark

6.4

360

9.7

Germany

6.2

349

11.8

Netherlands

7.2

407

6.4

Belgium

8.3

468

11.3

France

5.7

321

13.7

Switzerland

3.5

195

7.2

Austria

3.0

168

8.3

Italy

3.6

204

15.7

Spain

3.1

174

13.2

Greece

7.0

397

1.8

England

24.1

1360

5.8

USA

10.4

587

8.0

.000

Total

5650

8.5