Variable | Women non-exposed to SHS (N = 2433) | Women exposed to SHS (N = 798) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Maternal characteristics | |||
Maternal age (year) | 29.53 ± 6.2 | 28.86 ± 6.1 | 0.008 |
Parity | 3.01 ± 2.2 | 2.78 ± 2.1 | 0.008* |
Primipara | 795 (31.8%) | 344 (41.4%) | < 0.001 |
Gestation age at booking (week) | 21.8 ± 8.8 | 22.2 ± 5.3 | 0.34 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 29.45 ± 5.96 | 29.7 ± 6.04 | 0.23 |
GDM | 354 (14.5%) | 114 (14.3%) | 0.85 |
Pre-existing diabetes: | |||
Type I | 9 (0.37%) | 6 (0.75%) | 0.20 |
Type II | 7 (0.28%) | 5 (0.72%) | 0 .20 |
Pregnancy induced hypertension | 29 (1.2%) | 11 (1.4%) | 0.68 |
Preeclampsia | 17 (0.7%) | 5 (0.62%) | 0.83 |
Infant characteristics | |||
Male, n (%) | 1303 (53.6%) | 412 (51.7%) | 0.36 |
Gestational age (week) | 39.12 ± 1.19 | 39.12 ± 1.195 | 0.85 |
Birth weight (kg) | 3.2 ± 0.45 | 3.15 ± 0.46 | 0.012* |
Birth length (cm) | 49.89 ± 2.16 | 49.69 ± 2.27 | 0.029 |
Head circumference (cm) | 34.26 ± 1.25 | 34.13 ± 1.21 | 0.011 |
Macrosomia (≥ 4.0 kg) | 113 (4.64%) | 30 (3.75%) | 0.29 |
Low birth weight (<2.5 kg) | 111 (4.56%) | 41 (5.14%) | 0.5 |