| Black | Brown | Green | Orange | Red | Violet | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal characteristics | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Mean age ±SD | 26.2 ± 4.4 | 26.0 ± 4.6 | 26.0 ± 4.4 | 26.4 ±4.7 | 26.0 ±4.5 | 26.2 ±4.7 | 26.2 ± 4.6 |
Age at first married | 21.8 ± 3.3 | 21.7 ± 3.3 | 21.8 ± 3.3 | 21.8 ±3.3 | 21.8 ±3.3 | 21.8 ±3.3 | 21.8 ± 3.3 |
Minority ethnic (%) | 50.2 | 49.5 | 49.5 | 49.2 | 49.0 | 49.6 | 49.5 |
Education level (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Primary school | 8.5 | 6.5 | 7.4 | 8.6 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 8.2 |
Secondary school | 55.3 | 56.2 | 57.7 | 53.1 | 51.6 | 54.3 | 54.7 |
High school | 24.5 | 25.9 | 22.4 | 26.8 | 27.6 | 23.2 | 25.1 |
College or higher | 11.6 | 11.4 | 12.6 | 11.5 | 11.7 | 13.1 | 12.0 |
Work as farmers | 80.2 | 81.5 | 78.9 | 81.6 | 80.8 | 80.6 | 80.6 |
Obstetric history | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Number of children | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
0 | 9.4 | 11.8 | 12.6 | 10.9 | 10.5 | 11.9 | 9.4 |
1 | 88.1 | 84.9 | 84.7 | 85.0 | 85.8 | 84.9 | 88.1 |
≥2 | 2.5 | 3.4 | 2.8 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.5 |
Last pregnancy experiences | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Prenatal check up | 90.6 | 92.3 | 88.9 | 89.2 | 88.6 | 90.6 | 90.0 |
Taking IFA or MM | 75.71 | 80.2 | 77.4 | 78.2 | 75.6 | 80.8 | 78.0 |
C-section | 13.8 | 14.6 | 15.1 | 15.5 | 16.5 | 14.5 | 15.0 |
LBW (<2500 g) | 7.2 | 7.1 | 8.1 | 9.9 | 8.6 | 8.7 | 8.3 |
Premature delivery | 8.0 | 7.9 | 10.4 | 9.7 | 10.7 | 9.3 | 9.3 |
Anthropometric measurements | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Height | 152.4 ±5.0 | 152.8 ±5.3 | 152.6 ±5.2 | 152.4 ±5.0 | 152.4 ±5.2 | 152.4 ±5.2 | 152.5 ±5.2 |
Weight | 45.7 ± 5.3 | 45.7 ± 5.6 | 45.6 ± 5.5 | 45.4 ±5.3 | 45.7 ±5.9 | 45.5 ±5.7 | 45.6 ± 5.5 |
BMI | 19.6 ± 2.0 | 19.6 ± 2.1 | 19.5 ± 2.0 | 19.5 ±2.0 | 19.7 ±2.1 | 19.6 ±2.1 | 19.6 ± 2.0 |
BMI<18.5 (%) | 30.5 | 31.1 | 33.1 | 30.3 | 31.3 | 31.9 | 31.4 |
MUAC | 24.5 ± 2.2 | 24.5 ± 2.3 | 24.5 ± 2.2 | 24.5 ±2.2 | 24.6 ±2.4 | 24.4 ±2.3 | 24.5 ± 2.3 |
Triceps skin fold | 15.8 ± 5.1 | 15.7 ± 5.1 | 15.9 ± 4.9 | 15.8 ±5.0 | 16.2 ±5.1 | 15.9 ±5.0 | 15.9 ± 5.0 |
Subscapular skinfold | 14.5 ± 5.0 | 14.5 ± 5.3 | 14.5 ± 4.8 | 14.3 ±5.2 | 14.8 ±5.3 | 14.5 ±5.1 | 14.5 ± 5.1 |
Calf circumference | 31.9 ± 2.1 | 31.8 ± 2.3 | 31.8 ± 2.2 | 31.8 ±2.1 | 31.9 ±2.3 | 31.7 ±2.2 | 31.8 ± 2.2 |
Hematological indicators | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Hemoglobin | 13.0 ± 1.4 | 12.9 ± 1.4 | 12.9 ± 1.3 | 12.9 ±1.4 | 13.0 ±1.4 | 13.0 ±1.3 | 12.9 ± 1.4 |
Anemia (%) | 19.7 | 21.0 | 19.3 | 20.4 | 20.0 | 18.1 | 19.7 |