Category | Definition | Examples of outcomes |
---|---|---|
A. Health-related benefits | ||
A1. Health gains | Reduction in morbidity and mortality | Cases averted |
Deaths averted | ||
Disability-adjusted life years saved | ||
A2. Health care savings | Reduction in cost of health care borne by the public sector or private individuals | Costs saved |
B. Productivity-related benefits | ||
B1. Productivity gains related to care | Reduction in lost days of work due to sickness or caring for a sick patient | Value of productivity gained |
B2. Productivity gains related to short term outcomes | Reduction in lost days of work due to sickness or death of sick patient | Value of productivity gained |
Lifetime earnings | ||
B3. Productivity gains related to long term outcomes | Increased lifetime productivity because better health improves cognition, educational attainment and physical strength | Educational outcomes |
Cognitive outcomes | ||
Lifetime earnings | ||
B4. Productivity gains related to household behaviour | Economic improvements due to changes in household choices such as fertility and consumption/saving as a result of improved child health and survival | Productivity |
Female labour participation | ||
Household investment per child | ||
Dependency ratio | ||
C. Community externalities | ||
C1. Ecological effects | Health improvements in unvaccinated community members as a result of ecological effects such as herd immunity and reduced antibiotic usage. | Indirect vaccine protection |
Prevalence of antibiotic resistance | ||
C2. Equity | More equal distribution of health outcomes | Distribution of health outcomes |
C3. Financial sustainability | Improved financial sustainability of health care programs as a result of synergies with vaccination programs and/or stimulation of private demand. | Financial benefits |
Private demand estimates | ||
C4. Macroeconomic impact | Changes in the national economy or individual sectors of the economy. | Gross domestic product |
Production by economic sector |