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Table 3 Baseline characteristics of longitudinal samples

From: Effort-reward imbalance and work ability: cross-sectional and longitudinal findings from the Second German Sociomedical Panel of Employees

 

Predicting new cases of poor or moderate work ability

Predicting new cases of effort-reward imbalance

 

n = 600

n = 666

WAI, mean (SD)

42.5 (3.4)

40.4 (5.7)

WAI

  

 Good or excellent, %

100.0

79.0

 Poor or moderate, %

-

21.0

Gender: female, %

30.0

33.3

Age, mean (SD)

50.7 (4.0)

51.0 (4.1)

Low educational level, %

27.3

31.8

White-collar worker, %

98.5

98.0

Exercise: at least two hours per week, %

53.0

53.8

BMI ≥ 25, %

55.3

55.0

Smoking, %

20.2

20.0

Health-related behaviour (0–3), mean (SD)

1.7 (0.9)

1.7 (0.9)

Physical demands (0–12), mean (SD)

0.7 (1.4)

0.8 (1.3)

Psychological job demands (0–4), mean (SD)

1.2 (0.8)

1.1 (0.8)

Job control (0–4), mean (SD)

3.4 (0.6)

3.3 (0.6)

Effort (5–25), mean (SD)

13.8 (4.1)

13.3 (3.6)

Reward (11–55), mean (SD)

47.0 (7.2)

47.7 (6.3)

ER ratio, mean (SD)

0.7 (0.3)

0.6 (0.2)

ERI: ER ratio > 1, %

12.3

-

  1. SD, standard deviation; WAI, Work Ability Index; BMI, body mass index; ER ratio, effort-reward ratio; ERI, effort-reward imbalance.