Self-reported hearing difficulties, main income sources, and socio-economic status; a cross-sectional population-based study in Sweden

Table 6 Odds ratios (ORs) of having sickness benefits or disability pension in women (n=9 758)

	Model 1: Crude^a	Model 2: Age-adjusted^a	Model 3: Age- and SES-adjusted^a	Model 4: Full factorial^a,b
Independent variable	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Age (years)
20-24	1		1	1
25-34	1.84 (1.13-3.00)		1.98 (1.21-3.23)	1.95 (1.19-3.18)
35-44	4.70 (2.99-7.39)		4.90 (3.09-7.76)	4.62 (2.92-7.32)
45-54	8.94 (5.72-13.97)		9.13 (5.79-14.38)	8.29 (5.26-13.07)
55-64	16.93 (10.87-26.35)		16.76 (10.67-26.33)	15.32 (9.75-24.08)
SES
Professional work level	1	1		1
Intermediate non-manual work level	1.44 (1.12-1.86)	1.44 (1.11-1.86)		1.38 (1.06-1.80)
Assistant non-manual work level	2.49 (1.93-3.21)	2.38 (1.83-3.08)		2.27 (1.75-2.95)
Self-employed non-professional work level	1.43 (0.99-2.06)	1.24 (0.85-1.80)		1.18 (0.81-1.72)
Skilled manual work level	2.59 (2.00-3.36)	2.83 (2.17-3.68)		2.55 (1.95-3.33)
Unskilled/semiskilled manual work level	3.73 (2.94-4.74)	4.27 (3.34-5.46)		3.74 (2.91-4.80)
Students	0.15 (0.07-0.31)	0.47 (0.22-0.99)		0.41 (0.19-0.87)
Self-reported hearing difficulties
No	1	1	1	1
Yes	2.38 (2.03-2.79)	1.86 (1.57-2.19)	1.70 (1.43-2.01)	1.68 (1.42-1.99)
Type of living area
Urban	1	1	1	1
Semi-urban	1.37 (1.19-1.58)	1.30 (1.12-1.50)	1.15 (0.99-1.34)	1.17 (1.01-1.37)
Sparsely populated	1.86 (1.61-2.15)	1.65 (1.42-1.92)	1.34 (1.15-1.57)	1.39 (1.19-1.63)
Country of birth
Sweden	1	1	1	1
Elsewhere	1.32 (1.13-1.55)	1.39 (1.17-1.64)	1.29 (1.08-1.53)	1.37 (1.15-1.63)

^aAge included as a categorical variable. ^bIncluded independent variables are age, socio-economic status (SES), self-reported hearing difficulties, type of living area, and country of birth.

ISSN: 1471-2458