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Table 1 Basic characteristics of the study population (n=19 045)

From: Self-reported hearing difficulties, main income sources, and socio-economic status; a cross-sectional population-based study in Sweden

 

Men

Women

 

Total

With hearing difficulties

With sickness benefits or disability pension

Total

With hearing difficulties

With sickness benefits or disability pension

Variable

n (% of total men)

n (% of total men within row)

n (% of total men within row)

n (% of total women)

n (% of total women within row)

n (% of total women within row)

Gender

9 287 (100.0)

1 213 (13.1)

776 (8.4)

9 758 (100.0)

956 (9.8)

1 359 (13.9)

Age (years)

      

 20-24

963 (10.4)

51 (5.3)

8 (0.8)

915 (9.4)

50 (5.5)

21 (2.3)

 25-34

1 935 (20.8)

140 (7.2)

37 (1.9)

1 951 (20.0)

110 (5.6)

81 (4.2)

 35-44

2 245 (24.2)

221 (9.8)

101 (4.5)

2 445 (25.1)

186 (7.6)

243 (9.9)

 45-54

2 104 (22.7)

292(13.9)

205 (9.7)

2 264 (23.2)

283 (12.5)

393 (17.4)

 55-64

2 040 (22.0)

509 (25.0)

425 (20.8)

2 183 (22.4)

327 (15.0)

621 (28.4)

Socio-economic status

      

 Professional work level

1 416 (15.2)

123 (8.7)

43 (3.0)

1 205 (12.3)

81 (6.7)

88 (7.3)

 Intermediate non-manual work level

1 704 (18.3)

204 (12.0)

92 (5.4)

2 236 (22.9)

193 (8.6)

228 (10.2)

 Assistant non-manual work level

819 (8.8)

90 (11.0)

81 (9.9)

1 647 (16.9)

165 (10.0)

270 (16.4)

 Self-employed non-professional  work level

996 (10.7)

142 (14.3)

91 (9.1)

475 (4.9)

37 (7.8)

48 (10.1)

 Skilled manual work level

1 899 (20.4)

318 (16.7)

219 (11.5)

1 361 (13.9)

150 (11.0)

231 (17.0)

 Unskilled/semiskilled  manual work level

1 949 (21.0)

302 (15.5)

243 (12.5)

2 139 (21.9)

283 (13.2)

486 (22.7)

 Students

504 (5.4)

34 (6.7)

7 (1.4)

695 (7.1)

47 (6.8)

8 (1.2)

Type of living area

      

 Urban

3 220 (34.7)

342 (10.6)

210 (6.5)

3 553 (36.4)

293 (8.2)

378 (10.6)

 Semi-urban

3 365 (36.2)

453 (13.5)

269 (8.0)

3 499 (35.9)

349 (10.0)

491 (14.0)

 Sparsely populated

2 702 (29.1)

418 (15.5)

297 (11.0)

2 706 (27.7)

314 (11.6)

490 (18.1)

Country of birth

      

 Sweden

8 226 (88.6)

1 078 (13.1)

646 (7.9)

8 529 (87.4)

828 (9.7)

1 149 (13.5)

 Elsewhere

1 061 (11.4)

135 (12.7)

130 (12.3)

1 229 (12.6)

128 (10.4)

210 (17.1)

Main income source

      

 Work

7 355 (79.2)

885 (12.0)

0 (0)

6 949 (71.2)

589 (8.5)

0 (0)

 Parental benefits

19 (0.2)

3 (15.8)

0 (0)

276 (2.8)

14 (5.1)

0 (0)

 Student allowance

230 (2.5)

15 (6.5)

0 (0)

327 (3.4)

22 (6.7)

0 (0)

 Social assistance

42 (0.5)

5 (11.9)

0 (0)

44 (0.5)

4 (9.1)

0 (0)

 Unemployment benefits

495 (5.3)

76 (15.4)

0 (0)

393 (4.0)

54 (13.7)

0 (0)

 Sickness benefits

228 (2.5)

45 (19.7)

228 (100.0)

424 (4.3)

61 (14.4)

424 (100.0)

 Disability pension

548 (5.9)

146 (26.6)

548 (100.0)

935 (9.6)

184 (19.7)

935 (100.0)

 Miscellaneous

370 (4.0)

38 (10.3)

0 (0)

410 (4.2)

28 (6.8)

0 (0)