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Table 8 Summary results of evidence on the relationship environmental factors and general active transportation

From: Relationship between the physical environment and different domains of physical activity in European adults: a systematic review

Environm. variables

Positive association

Negative association

No association

A*

B*

C*

D*

Residential density

  

34, 34

1

N/A

N/A

N/A

Land use mix diversity

34, 34, 62M, 62F, 62 F

62 M, 62 F

62 M

2

N/A

N/A

N/A

Street connectivity

62 M, 62 F, 62 M, 62 F, 62M, 62F

 

34, 34

2

N/A

N/A

N/A

Access to shops/services/work

58, 58, 58, 62 M, 62 F, 62M, 62F, 88 2

 

34, 34, 57, 88 1

5

8/12

67

+

Access to public transport

  

34, 34, 57

2

N/A

N/A

N/A

Access to recreation facilities

  

34, 34, 58, 62 M, 62 F

3

0/5

0

0

Walking/cycling facilities

57, 62 M, 62 F, 62M, 62F

 

34, 34, 34, 34, 58

4

5/10

50

(+)

Traffic-related safety

62F, 62 M, 62 F , 62 M, 62 F , 62 M, 62 F ,

58, 62 M, 62 F, 62 M, 62 F, 62 M, 62 M

34, 34, 58, 62M, 62 F, 62 F

3

7/20

35

0

Crime-related safety

62 F, 62M

 

34, 34, 58, 62 M, 62F, 88 1, 88 2

4

2/9

22

00

Aesthetics

 

88 1

34, 34, 58, 62M, 62F 88 1, 88 1, 88 2, 88 2, 88 2

3

1/11

9

0

Urbanization

62 M, 62 F

51 M, 51 F

62 M, 62 F

2

N/A

N/A

N/A

  1. * A = n° of independent studies; B = n° of associated records divided by all records; C =% of evidence; D = summary code.
  2. Regular vs italics font = subjective vs objective PA measures; regular vs bold font = subjective vs objective environmental measures.
  3. M = specific results for males; F = specific results for females; 1 = specific results for 1st subgroup; 2 = specific results for 2nd subgroup.