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Table 3 Mean, SD, skewness, Cronbach's alpha and correlations for the scales

From: Leading during change: the effects of leader behavior on sickness absence in a Norwegian health trust

    

Cronbach’s

    
 

Scales

Mean

SD

Skewness

alpha

1

2

3

4

Individual level (N = 1008)

        

Leader evaluation

        

1

Social support

3.38

1.24

−0.44

0.94

    

2

Task monitoring

3.05

1.04

−0.13

0.89

0.67**

   

3

Negative leader behavior

1.74

0.81

1.40

0.92

−0.58**

−0.38**

  

4

Problem confrontation

3.62

1.11

−0.67

0.93

0.72**

0.68**

−0.59**

 

5

Loyalty to superiors

4.14

0.77

−0.97

0.73

0.38**

0.35**

−0.35**

0.46**

Department level (N = 35)

        

Leader evaluation

        

1

Social support

3.39

.46

-.28

     

2

Task monitoring

3.15

.44

.48

 

0.73**

   

3

Negative leader behavior

1.71

.40

2.04

 

−0.51**

−0.31

  

4

Problem confrontation

3.69

.48

-.70

 

0.75**

0.75**

−0.53**

 

5

Loyalty to superiors

4.03

.34

−1.35

 

0.34*

0.33

−0.33

0.39*

Sickness absence

        

 Time 1

6.37

3.80

.23

     

 Time 2

6.77

3.96

.33

     
  1. Note. All variables are measured using a 5-point Likert scale. * p <0.05 ** p < 0.01.
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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