Figure 2

Reduction in maternal deaths - incremental benefits of upgrades, family planning and safe abortion. The effect of combining upgrades, safe abortion and family planning on reducing maternal deaths. SBA = skilled birth attendants, and EmOC = emergency obstetric care. “Status quo” refers to the model’s estimate of the current total number of maternal deaths per year (48,480), and an average life expectancy of 47 years (compared to 50,000 and 48 years respectively from the published literature). "Adding family planning" means a complete reduction in unmet need for contraception and "Adding safe abortion" means universal access to safe abortion services. "Upgrades” refers to strategic increments in SBA supervised home deliveries, recognition of need for referral, facility based deliveries and availability of EmOC centers and emergency transportation. These increments are from baseline or "Status quo" to 90% -100% (Upgrade 4). The height of each stacked column represents the estimated reduction in maternal deaths when family planning and safe abortion are added to the upgrades. However, each color-coded segment represents the contribution from the respective intervention.