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Table 1 Sociodemographic and health-related characteristics a of pregnant women (N=837) by compliance with 2009 alcohol guidelines[4]

From: Determinants of pregnant women's compliance with alcohol guidelines: a prospective cohort study

 

Compliant

Non-compliant

Total

p-value

Previous compliance with 2001 alcohol guidelines (n=736)b

   

<0.01

 Non-compliant

76 (36%)

355 (68%)

431 (59%)

 

 Compliant

136 (64%)

169 (32%)

305 (41%)

 

Frequency of pre-pregnancy alcohol use (n=589)c

   

<0.01

 Less than weekly or did not drink

123 (70%)

176 (43%)

299 (51%)

 

 At least once a week

52 (30%)

238 (58%)

290 (49%)

 

Quantity of pre-pregnancy alcohol use (n=582)c

   

<0.01

 Does not drink

40 (23%)

2 (<1%)

42 (7%)

 

 1 to 2 drinks per drinking day

88 (51%)

268 (65%)

356 (61%)

 

 3 or more drinks per drinking day

44 (26%)

140 (34%)

184 (32%)

 

Pre-pregnancy binge status (n=583)c

   

<0.01

 Never binged or did not drink

101 (58%)

87 (21%)

188 (32%)

 

 Binged less than once a month

45 (26%)

185 (45%)

230 (40%)

 

 Binged once a month or more often

27 (16%)

138 (34%)

165 (28%)

 

Education - highest qualification achieved (n=817)

   

0.61

 Year 10 or lower

10 (4%)

19 (3%)

29 (4%)

 

 Year 12/trade/apprenticeship/certificate/diploma

70 (31%)

169 (29%)

239 (30%)

 

 University degree

149 (65%)

400 (68%)

549 (68%)

 

Marital status (n=829)

   

0.68

 Married

198 (85%)

498 (83%)

696 (84%)

 

 De facto

32 (14%)

90 (15%)

122 (15%)

 

 Never married/separated/divorced/widowed

2 (1%)

9 (2%)

11 (1%)

 

Employment status (n=821)

   

0.25

 No paid work

64 (28%)

139 (24%)

203 (25%)

 

 Paid work

169 (73%)

449 (76%)

618 (75%)

 

Household income (n=766)

   

<0.01

 $0 - $36,399

17 (8%)

12 (2%)

29 (4%)

 

 $36,400 - $77,999

44 (20%)

103 (19%)

147 (19%)

 

 $78,000 - $155,999

115 (53%)

288 (52%)

403 (53%)

 

 $156,000 or more

40 (19%)

147 (26%)

187 (24%)

 

Rurality (ARIA+; n=794)

   

0.17

 Major cities

119 (54%)

332 (61%)

451 (59%)

 

 Inner regional

60 (27%)

133 (25%)

193 (25%)

 

 Outer regional

37 (17%)

63 (12%)

100 (13%)

 

 Remote or very remote

6 (3%)

14 (3%)

20 (3%)

 

Private health insurance (n=836)

   

0.03

 No

62 (26%)

118 (20%)

180 (22%)

 

 Yes

173 (74%)

483 (80%)

656 (79%)

 

Trimester (n=836)

   

0.18

 First

37 (16%)

125 (21%)

162 (19%)

 

 Second

91 (39%)

232 (39%)

323 (39%)

 

 Third

108 (46%)

243 (41%)

351 (42%)

 

Parity (number of live births; n=743)

   

0.42

 No previous live births

67 (31%)

150 (28%)

217 (29%)

 

 One or more previous live births

147 (69%)

379 (72%)

526 (71%)

 

First pregnancy (Gravidity; n=823)

   

0.88

 Primigravida(First pregnancy)

55 (24%)

144 (24%)

199 (24%)

 

 Multigravida(Previous pregnancies)

176 (76%)

448 (76%)

624 (76%)

 

Smoking status (n=836)

   

0.88

 Non-smoker

229 (97%)

581 (97%)

810 (97%)

 

 Smoker

7 (3%)

19 (3%)

26 (3%)

 

Previous smoking status (n=748)

   

0.55

 Non-smoker

187 (87%)

472 (89%)

659 (88%)

 

 Smoker

28 (13%)

61 (11%)

89 (12%)

 

Illicit drug use (n=836)

   

<0.01

 Never used

113 (48%)

191 (32%)

304 (36%)

 

 Ever used

123 (52%)

409 (68%)

532 (64%)

 
  1. a All variables, except rurality, were weighted by area of residence to account for oversampling from rural areas.
  2. b Compliance to 2001 NHMRC alcohol guidelines regardless of pregnancy status [3].
  3. c Only for women who were not pregnant or breastfeeding at survey 4 (N=596).