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Table 3 Risk factors of repeated self-harm by using negative binomial regression model a

From: A nationwide, population-based, long-term follow-up study of repeated self-harm in Taiwan

Model Characteristics

Total (N = 39,875)

Female (N = 21,491)

Male (N = 18,384)

 

Adjusted RRb (95% CI)

P

Adjusted RRb (95% CI)

P

Adjusted RRb (95% CI)

P

Gender

 Male

Reference

     

 Female

1.21 (1.15–1.76)

0.04

    

Age group (years)

 <25

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 25–44

0.83 (0.72–1.26)

0.16

0.94 (0.92–1.33)

0.06

0.79 (0.63–1.29)

0.29

 45–64

0.86 (0.75–1.08)

0.12

0.90 (0.76–1.06)

0.21

0.80 (0.66–1.69)

0.33

65

0.63 (0.54–1.73)

0.33

0.96 (0.46–1.70)

0.33

0.56 (0.52–1.45)

0.43

Methods

 Violent methods c

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 E950 solid or liquid

1.88 (1.23–2.04)

<0.01

2.02 (1.29–2.18)

<0.01

1.76 (1.58–2.83)

<0.01

 E951 gases in domestic use

1.56 (0.81–1.97)

0.24

1.86 (0.76–2.13)

0.39

1.36 (0.89–2.01)

0.20

 E952 other gases or vapors

1.80 (0.76–2.09)

0.16

2.24 (0.88–3.04)

0.34

1.66 (0.95–2.29)

0.06

 E956 cutting and piercing

1.36 (1.02–1.82)

0.03

1.38 (1.02–1.83)

0.02

1.26 (0.69–1.51)

0.17

 E958 other means

0.84 (0.66–1.40)

0.44

0.85 (0.54–1.54)

0.54

0.81 (0.64–1.34)

0.43

Low-income family

 Yes

1.86 (0.91–2.28)

0.25

2.12 (0.62–2.77)

0.68

1.55 (0.82–2.13)

0.23

 No

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Catastrophic illness

 Yes

1.10 (0.97–1.25)

0.14

1.21 (0.82–1.44)

0.07

0.97 (0.80–1.18)

0.76

 No

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Psychiatric disorders

 Yes

1.61 (1.48–1.75)

<0.01

1.70 (1.52–1.90)

<0.01

1.49 (1.31–1.69)

<0.01

 No

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 
  1. RR. relative risk, CI. confidence interval.
  2. aAll of the variables were significant (P < 0.05) in univariate analysis. The interaction between gender and methods was significant (P = 0.01).
  3. bAdjusted for environmental factors (season and area), hospital-related factors (levels of hospital, department, whether surgical procedures were employed, length of days, and medical expenditures), and length of follow-up time.
  4. cIncluding E953 (hanging), E954 (drowning), E955 (firearms), and E957 (jumping).