What are patient factors associated with the quality of diabetes care?: results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Table 4 Factors associated with diabetes-related clinical outcomes in this study

Variables	HbA1c < 6.5% (n = 239)			BP <130/80 mmHg (n = 327)			LDL-C <100 mg/dl (n = 287)
%¹	%²	23.6		%²	37.1		%²	26.6
%¹	%²	AOR³	95% CI	%²	AOR³	95% CI	%²	AOR³	95% CI
Socioeconomic position
Age (years)
20-49	10.4	1.00		50.1	1.00		34.3	1.00
50-64	28.5	5.61	1.03-30.57	33.1	0.56	0.25-1.23	21.4	0.52	0.20-1.36
≥65	22.7	4.90	0.88-27.30	34.8	0.47	0.20-1.13	28.5	0.53	0.19-1.51
Gender
Men	27.9	1.00		34.2	1.00		27.8	1.00
Women	19.4	0.34	0.12-0.96	40.3	1.35	0.75-2.43	25.3	0.74	0.36-1.52
Education
Elementary or lower	24.2	1.00		37.6	1.00		29.4	1.00
Middle or high school	28.7	1.06	0.45-2.45	32.4	0.70	0.38-1.28	21.4	0.48	0.23-1.02
College or higher	12.0	0.37	0.07-2.07	53.2	1.79	0.65-4.89	33.0	0.85	0.26-2.71
Household income (monthly, thousand KRW)
>3,000	19.2	1.00		41.3	1.00		13.5	1.00
>1,000 & ≤3,000	28.0	0.84	0.23-3.07	40.0	0.93	0.40-2.16	32.3	2.69	0.81-8.94
≤1,000	21.1	0.45	0.11-1.75	32.1	0.74	0.30-1.83	25.8	2.17	0.62-7.59
Health-related factors
Duration of diabetes illness
<5 years	35.1	1.00		41.4	1.00		24.6	1.00
5-9 years	16.5	0.32	0.11-0.95	35.4	0.71	0.36-1.41	27.2	1.10	0.45-2.69
≧10 years	16.0	0.26	0.11-0.66	31.3	0.61	0.32-1.15	28.2	1.07	0.51-2.23
Self-rated health
Poor/very poor	26.2	1.00		37.4	1.00		28.6	1.00
Fair	16.7	0.41	0.15-1.15	39.1	0.98	0.50-1.90	19.2	0.62	0.28-1.37
Excellent/good	33.6	1.52	0.50-4.62	30.3	0.61	0.25-1.46	32.2	1.17	0.42-3.26
Regular exercise
Yes	21.0	1.00		36.8	1.00		24.8	1.00
No	27.3	1.56	0.73-3.32	38.0	1.07	0.59-1.93	27.6	0.98	0.50-1.94
Body mass index
<23	21.1	1.00		48.1	1.00		43.8	1.00
≥23 & <25	20.5	1.21	0.44-3.37	38.6	0.73	0.38-1.39	24.2	0.45	0.20-0.99
≥25	26.9	1.41	0.63-3.16	29.3	0.43	0.23-0.81	17.7	0.28	0.12-0.66

Abbreviations: BP blood pressure; LDL-C LDL-cholesterol; AOR adjusted odds ratio; CI confidence interval.
Weighted to represent the Korean population with diabetes, aged 20 years or older.
¹ Proportion of subjects who reached HbA1c < 6.5%, BP <130/80 mmHg, LDL-C <100 mg/d.
² Proportion of subjects who reached HbA1c < 6.5%, BP <130/80 mmHg, LDL-C <100 mg/d in each category of each variable.
³ AORs were obtained after adjusting for age, gender, education level, household monthly income, duration of diabetes, self-reported health status, regular exercise, and body mass index.

ISSN: 1471-2458