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Table 2 Characteristic of the control arm and the screening arm, and univariate and multivariate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for determinants of attending screening

From: Screening for type 2 diabetes in a high-risk population: study design and feasibility of a population-based randomized controlled trial

 

Control arm n = 5304

Screening arm n = 5305

P-value*

Screening attendees

Screening non-attendees

Univariate OR (95% CI)†

Multivariate OR (95% CI)†

Age at randomization, mean (range), yrs

56.7 (39.9 – 75.9)

56.6 (39.9 – 76.0)

0.299

57.0

54.4

1.03 (1.02-1.04), p < 0.001

1.03 (1.02 – 1.04), p < 0.001

Gender, male, %

43.9

43.7

0.778

43.4

44.9

0.94 (0.81-1.09), p = 0.422

 

Marital status, married, %

74.4

73.6

0.379

75.4

64.5

1.69 (1.44-1.97), p < 0.001

1.57 (1.33 – 1.83), p < 0.001

Highest education completed, %

       

Primary

9.5

9.6

0.917

9.2

11.2

0.89 (0.68-1.16), p = 0.400

 

Lower secondary

40.8

39.9

 

40.3

38.2

1.14 (0.95-1.37), p = 0.169

 

Upper secondary

24.2

24.8

 

25.3

23.1

1.18 (0.96-1.45), p = 0.126

 

Tertiary

24.4

24.6

 

24.3

26.3

Reference

 

Smoking status, current smoker, %

18.7

19.8

0.389

17.6

31.1

0.47 (0.40-0.56), p < 0.001

0.52 (0.44 – 0.62), p < 0.001

Waist circumference, mean, cm

96.2

96.6

0.214

96.6

96.6

1.00 (0.99-1.01), p = 0.377

 

  Females 80–87, %

25.3

25.3

0.266

24.6

28.7

  

     > = 88, %

74.7

74.7

 

75.4

71.3

  

  Males 94–101, %

46.4

46.5

0.282

47.2

43.0

  

     > = 102, %

53.5

53.5

 

52.6

57.0

  

Diabetes family history, %

27.2

26.4

0.350

26.5

25.8

1.04 (0.88-1.23), p = 0.674

 

Country of birth, %

       

Netherlands

91.4

91.1

0.583

91.5

88.9

1.34 (1.05-1.70), p = 0.017

1.20 (0.94-1.54), p = 0.138

Other

8.6

8.9

 

8.5

11.1

  

  Western country‡

4.0

4.0

 

4.1

3.5

  

  Non-western country

4.6

4.9

 

4.4

7.5

  

Screening outcome

       

Attendance rate, n, (%)

–

4457 (84.0)

     

Impaired fasting glucose, n (%)

–

170 (3.8)

     

Diabetes, n (%)

–

81 (1.8)

     

SCORE† > =5%,

–

518 (11.6)

     
  1. * Chi-square test for comparison of proportions and unpaired t-test for comparison of continuous variables between responders and non-responders.
  2. † OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; SCORE, Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation.
  3. ‡ European countries (excluding Turkey), North America, Oceania, Indonesia or Japan.
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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