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Table 2 HOME and child-rearing practices after six months of intervention (N = 322)

From: Effects of psychosocial stimulation on improving home environment and child-rearing practices: results from a community-based trial among severely malnourished children in Bangladesh

 

PS

FS

PS + FS

CC

CH

 

Mean (SD)

95% CI

Mean (SD)

95% CI

Mean (SD)

95% CI

Mean (SD)

95% CI

Mean (SD)

95% CI

Total HOME 1

87.9 (6.3)

85.9, 89.1

83.7 (7.3)

83.2, 85.9

89.1 (6.6)

87.6, 90.6

85.2 (8.0)

82.6, 85.9

85.3 (7.0)

83.5, 86.7

Sub scales of HOME

Organisation of environment

18.9 (1.8)

18.5, 19.3

18.5 (1.7)

18.2, 19.0

18.9 (1.7)

18.4, 19.2

18.8 (1.7)

18.4, 19.2

18.5 (1.8)

18.0, 18.9

Stimulation (opportunities at home)

11.7 (1.5)

11.1, 12.0

11.5 (1.8)

11.3, 12.0

11.9 (1.8)

11.5, 12.3

11.6 (1.9)

11.2, 12.0

11.9 (1.8)

11.5, 12.3

Maternal involvement

17.7 (2.1)

17.2, 18.4

16.0 (2.8)

15.6, 16.6

18.4 (1.8)

17.7, 18.9

16.5 (2.9)

15.8, 17.0

16.2 (2.7)

15.5, 16.8

Play materials

16.8 (2.8)

16.0, 17.2

15.3 (2.5)

15.0, 16.1

16.8 (2.8)

16.3, 17.5

15.6 (2.4)

14.9, 16.1

15.9 (2.4)

15.2, 16.5

Avoidance, restriction and punishment

9.5 (0.6)

9.4, 9.7

9.5 (0.7)

9.3, 9.6

9.7 (0.5)

9.5, 9.8

9.5 (0.5)

9.3, 9.6

9.5 (0.7)

9.3, 9.6

Emotion and verbal response

13.3 (1.7)

12.8, 13.8

13.0 (2.1)

12.6, 13.4

13.6 (1.8)

13.1, 14.0

13.0 (1.9)

12.5, 13.4

13.3 (2.3)

12.8, 13.9

Total child-rearing practices 2

33.4 (5.2)

32.5, 34.6

25.8 (3.7)

25.1, 27.0

33.1 (4.0)

31.8, 33.8

26.8 (4.4)

25.3, 27.6

24.9 (4.4)

23.9, 26.1

  1. Analysis of covariance controlling for baseline scores, age at final test, maternal education and depression score at baseline and father’s occupation.
  2. Abbreviations: HOME = Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment Inventory; PS = psychosocial stimulation; FS = food supplementation; PS + FS = both psychosocial stimulation and food supplementation; CC = clinic control; CH = hospital control.
  3. 1 Assessed through Betty Caldwell’s Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) inventory scale. Total score was obtained by summing all positive responses.
  4. 2Assessed through a questionnaire, the score was calculated by summing all positive responses.
  5. p < 0.001 for Total HOME and two subscales, maternal involvement and provision of appropriate play materials, and child-rearing practices.