From: Predictors of chronic food insecurity among adolescents in Southwest Ethiopia: a longitudinal study
Baseline characteristics | n | Adolescent chronic food security status | P | |
---|---|---|---|---|
 |  | Food secure | Food insecure |  |
Household income (tertiles) | ||||
 Low | 633 | 82.6% | 17.4% | <0.001 |
 Middle | 653 | 84.1% | 15.9% | |
 High | 625 | 91.5% | 8.5% | |
Residence | ||||
 Urban | 671 | 86.4% | 13.6% | 0.383 |
 Semi-urban | 549 | 84.3% | 15.7% | |
 Rural | 691 | 87.0% | 13.0% | |
Household food security status | ||||
 Food secure | 1154 | 91.7% | 8.3% | <0.001 |
 Food insecure | 757 | 77.4% | 22.6% | |
Sex | ||||
 Female | 917 | 84.1% | 15.9% | 0.018 |
 Male | 994 | 87.8% | 12.2% | |
Educational status of the adolescent | ||||
 Primary (grade 0-8) | 1582 | 85.6% | 14.4% | <0.001 |
 Secondary and above (grade >9) | 329 | 93.0% | 7.0% | |
Dependency ratio (tertiles) | ||||
 Low | 584 | 88.9% | 11.1% | 0.002 |
 Middle | 686 | 87.2% | 12.8% | |
 High | 641 | 82.2% | 17.8% | |
Household size (mean ± SD) | 1911 | 8.4 (3.4) | 8.5 (3.4) | 0.6461 |
Age of adolescents in years (mean ± SD) | 1911 | 14.7 (1.3) | 14.8 (1.3) | 0.755 |
Sex of the household head | ||||
 Male | 1568 | 86.8% | 13.2% | 0.038 |
 Female | 343 | 82.5% | 17.5% | |
Maternal education | ||||
 Illiterate | 1096 | 84.8% | 15.2% | 0.003 |
 Primary | 592 | 85.8% | 14.2% | |
 Secondary and above | 195 | 93.8% | 6.2% | |
Paternal education | ||||
 Illiterate | 624 | 85.1% | 14.9% | <0.001 |
 Primary | 773 | 84.5% | 15.5% | |
 Secondary and above | 420 | 92.4% | 7.6% | |
Season of the Year | ||||
  Spring | 865 | 85.3% | 14.7% | 0.642 |
  Winter | 252 | 85.7% | 14.3% |  |
  Summer | 794 | 86.9% | 13.1% |  |
  All | 1911 | 86.0% | 14.0% |  |