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Table 4 Hierarchical regression model of at-risk alcohol consumption (AUDIT score ≥ 8) for Australian Rural Mental Health Study participants: steps 5 and 6 – rural exposure and contextual factors

From: Individual and district-level predictors of alcohol use: cross sectional findings from a rural mental health survey in Australia

Step - Predictor variable

AUDIT total score

Univariate OR (99%CI)

Multivariate AOR (99%CI)

  

0-7 n=1,694 n (%)

≥ 8 n=287 n (%)

  

5. Rural Exposure

Standardised service and support accessibility: Mean (SD)

-0.029 (1.006)

-0.065 (0.931)

0.96 (0.82, 1.1)

0.98 (0.79, 1.2)

Drought related concerns

Low

1,346 (86)

224 (14)

  
 

High

348 (85)

63 (15)

1.1 (0.73, 1.6)

1.1 (0.72, 1.8)

Proportion of life lived in a rural district

Whole life

299 (87)

44 (13)

  
 

≥ half

468 (88)

64 (12)

0.93 (0.54, 1.6)

1.2 (0.66, 2.1)

 

< half

927 (84)

179 (16)

1.3 (0.82, 2.1)

1.7 (1.03, 2.9)*

6. Contextual factors

District remoteness ASGC Category using ARIA+

Inner regional

602 (85)

106 (15)

  
 

Outer regional

631 (85)

113 (15)

1.02 (0.70, 1.5)

1.2 (0.79, 1.9)

 

Remote

329 (86)

52 (14)

0.9 (0.56, 1.4)

1.4 (0.70, 2.8)

 

Very remote

132 (89)

16 (11)

0.69 (0.33, 1.4)

0.94 (0.38, 2.3)

District population change 2002-2006 (%): Mean (SD)

0.25 (1.027)

0.39 (0.920)

1.2 (0.97, 1.4)

1.2 (0.89, 1.5)

 

Standardised SEIFA IRSD: Mean (SD)

-0.004 (1.019)

0.115 (0.995)

1.1 (0.95, 1.3)

1.1 (0.89, 1.3)

 

At least 6 months out of last 12 in drought

No

1418 (85)

256 (15)

  
 

Yes

276 (90)

31 (10)

0.62 (0.37, 1.05)

0.58 (0.33, 1.03)

District remoteness ASGC Category using ARIA+

Inner regional

602 (85)

106 (15)

  
  1. AOR: Adjusted Odds Ratio; ARIA+: Accessibility Remoteness Index of Australia Plus; ASGC: Australian Standard Geographic Classification; CI: Confidence Interval; IRSD: Index of Relative Socioeconomic Disadvantage; OR: Odds Ratio; SEIFA: Socio-Economic Indexes for Area. Due to rounding, row percentages may not add up to exactly 100%. * P < .01, ** P < .001.