Table 1 Summary of urbanicity indicators, by dimension and country
From: The development and validation of an urbanicity scale in a multi-country study
Dimension | Indicator name | Overall | Ethiopia | India | Peru |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N/A | Number of communities | 59 (100%) | 20 (34%) | 19 (32%) | 20 (34%) |
Population Size | Population size | ||||
Mean (Median) | 8538 (3855) | 11645 (8521) | 2746 (1764) | 10933 (2005) | |
Range | 388 - 61740 | 2835 - 40101 | 832- 11433 | 388- 61740 | |
Economic Activity | % of community in agriculture | ||||
Mean (Median) | 45 (54) | 44 (51) | 47 (56) | 42 (55) | |
Range | 0-89 | 0-89 | 2-75 | 0-89 | |
Built Environment | Paved road (number of communities) | 27 (45.8%) | 12 (20.3%) | 3 (5.1%) | 12 (20.3%) |
Unpaved road for motor traffic | 40 (67.8%) | 13 (65.0%) | 19 (100%) | 8 (40.0%) | |
Non-motorized road | 15 (25.4%) | 10 (50.0%) | 4 (2.1%) | 1 (5.0%) | |
Sewage service | 28 (47.5%) | 6 (30.0%) | 11 (57.9%) | 11 (55.0%) | |
Electricity service | 46 (78.0%) | 10 (50.0%) | 19 (100.0%) | 17 (85.0%) | |
% community with electricity | |||||
Mean (Median) | 69 (83) | 43 (34) | 90 (91) | 76 (83) | |
Range | 0-100 | 0-100 | 70-100 | 17-100 | |
% community with flush toilet | |||||
Mean (Median) | 22 (7) | 1 (0) | 17 (8) | 49 (56) | |
Range | 0-94 | 0-5 | 0-89 | 2-94 | |
Communication | Theatre (number of communities) | 7 (11.89%) | 6 (30.00%) | 1 (5.26%) | 0 (0.00%) |
Public internet | 15 (25.42%) | 3 (15.00%) | 2 (10.50%) | 10 (50.00%) | |
Public telephone | 47 (79.66%) | 14 (70.00%) | 16 (84.20%) | 17 (85.00%) | |
% community owns mobile phone | |||||
Mean (Median) | 21 (12) | 9 (2) | 22 (17) | 33 (32) | |
Range | 0-72 | 0-42 | 4-60 | 1-72 | |
% community owns TV | |||||
Mean (Median) | 43 (37) | 14 (2) | 44 (35) | 70 (82) | |
Range | 0-99 | 0-64 | 22-86 | 26-99 | |
Education | Nursery or preschool (number of communities) | 23 (39.0%) | 8 (40.0%) | 4 (21.1%) | 11 (55.0%) |
Primary school | 58 (98.3%) | 19 (95.0%) | 19 (100.0%) | 20 (100.0%) | |
Secondary school | 22 (37.3%) | 5 (25.0%) | 9 (47.3%) | 8 (40.0%) | |
University | 2 (3.4%) | 1 (5.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (5.0%) | |
Average yrs of mother’s ed. | |||||
Mean (Median) | 4.8 (3.7) | 2.9 (2.0) | 3.6 (2.7) | 7.8 (8.4) | |
Range | 0.1-11.2 | 0.1-7.7 | 0.7-8.7 | 1.6-11.2 | |
Diversity | Variance in housing quality index* | ||||
Mean (Median) | 0.18 (0.18) | 0.10 (0.10) | 0.23 (0.23) | 0.21 (0.22) | |
Range | 0.02-0.34 | 0.02-0.20 | 0.14-0.34 | 0.11-0.33 | |
Variance in mother’s ed.* | |||||
Mean (Median) | 3.34 (3.48) | 2.69 (2.55) | 3.69 (3.80) | 3.64 (3.55) | |
Range | 0.44-5.10 | 0.44-5.10 | 2.01-4.90 | 2.50-4.55 | |
Health | Hospital (number of communities) | 8 (13.6%) | 1 (5.0%) | 4 (21.1%) | 3 (15.0%) |
Health centre | 14 (23.7%) | 5 (25.0%) | 5(26.3%) | 4 (20.0%) | |
Dispensary | 29 (49.2%) | 8 (40.0%) | 7 (36.8%) | 14 (70.0%) | |
Midwife | 25 (42.4%) | 8 (40.0%) | 6 (31.6%) | 11 (55.0%) | |
Village health worker | 38 (64.4%) | 12 (60.0%) | 7 (36.8%) | 19 (95.0%) |