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Table 3 Effects of socioeconomic determinants on involvement in bullying with mutual adjustment for other socioeconomic determinants

From: Prevalence of bullying and victimization among children in early elementary school: Do family and school neighbourhood socioeconomic status matter?

  

Fully adjusted odds ratios for involvement in bullying and victimization (95%-CI)#

  

Model with mutual adjustment for indicators of SES

Indicators of socioeconomic status

N

Uninvolved (n = 4214)

Victim (n = 252)

Bully (n = 1075)

Bully-victim (n = 835)

Age mother (per 5 year decrease)

6161

Reference

1.12 (0.99-1.26)

1.10 (1.03-1.18)

1.18 (1.08-1.28)

Age father (per 5 year decrease)

5825

Reference

1.07 (0.96-1.19)

1.07 (1.01-1.13)

1.15 (1.07-1.24)

Single parenthood

6155

Reference

1.23 (0.89-1.70)

1.69 (1.41-2.02)

1.58 (1.27-1.95)

Educational level mother: Higher academic

655

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Higher vocational

1020

 

1.20 (0.60-2.38)

1.12 (0.81-1.54)

1.33 (0.86-2.04)

Intermediate vocational

1952

 

1.22 (0.65-2.32)

1.38 (1.03-1.85)

1.60 (1.07-2.40)

Lower vocational

1318

 

1.48 (0.76-2.88)

1.51 (1.11-2.06)

1.98 (1.29-3.02)

Primary education

414

 

2.05 (0.97-5.25)

1.56 (1.06-2.31)

2.18 (1.31-3.63)

p-value for trend

  

0.02

0.01

0.001

Educational level father: Higher academic

837

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Higher vocational

963

 

1.11 (0.60-2.06)

1.08 (0.79-1.47)

1.15 (0.78-1.69)

Intermediate vocational

1613

 

1.45 (0.83-2.53)

1.12 (0.84-1.49)

1.13 (0.79-1.62)

Lower vocational

1250

 

1.85 (1.05-3.25)

1.41 (1.05-1.90)

1.51 (1.03-2.19)

Primary education

352

 

1.82 (0.87-3.79)

1.90 (1.30-2.79)

1.99 (1.23-3.20)

p-value for trend

  

0.01

0.002

0.008

Employment: At least one parent employed

4852

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Both parents unemployed

745

 

1.17 (0.78-1.74)

1.61 (1.29-2.00)

1.57 (1.21-2.04)

School neighbourhood SES: High

1861

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Mid-high

1678

 

0.77 (0.56-1.07)

1.24 (0.96-1.59)

1.10 (0.77-1.57)

Mid-low

1524

 

0.98 (0.67-1.44)

1.29 (1.00-1.67)

1.14 (0.79-1.64)

Low

1313

 

0.86 (0.59-1.24)

1.49 (1.14-1.93)

1.45 (1.00-2.10)

p-value for trend

  

0.17

0.55

0.18

  1. Footnotes Table 3: #Analyses include child gender, age, national origin, and all SES-indicators, except age and education of fathers. ORs of paternal variables are derived by repeating the analysis including paternal and excluding maternal age and education.
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BMC Public Health

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