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Table 4 Associations of nationality with various factors (n = 1,559): odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, and contribution (%) of confounders

From: School difficulties in immigrant adolescent students and roles of socioeconomic factors, unhealthy behaviours, and physical and mental health

 

Grade repetition

Low school performance

School dropout ideation

OR

95% CI

%a

OR

95% CI

%

OR

95% CI

%

Odds ratio (OR 1 ) adjusted for gender and age

 French

1.00

1.00

1.00

 European immigrants

2.44**

1.22-4.91

100

1.34

0.52-3.45

-

1.75

0.52-5.88

-

 Non-European immigrants

3.29***

1.71-6.33

100

3.02**

1.52-6.02

100

3.42**

1.38-8.48

100

Odds ratio (OR 2 ) with further adjustment for father’s occupation and family structure

 French

1.00

1.00

1.00

 European immigrants

2.10* b

1.03-4.31

24

1.04 b

0.39-2.74

-

1.45 a

0.42-4.98

-

 Non-European immigrants

2.40* b

1.20-4.81

39

2.22* b

1.07-4.62

40

2.64* a

1.02-6.83

32

Odds ratio (OR 3 ) with further adjustment for WHOQoL-Bref domains and unhealthy behaviours

 French

1.00

1.00

1.00

 European immigrants

1.76

0.83-3.70

47

0.77

0.28-2.12

-

1.35

0.38-4.83

-

 Non-European immigrants

1.78

0.86-3.68

66

1.54

0.68-3.51

73

1.54

0.49-4.78

78

  1. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
  2. Bold types: significant ORs.
  3. a % = Reduction (positive %) or increase (negative %) in OR computed with the following formula: (OR1 – OR2)/(OR1 – 1) or (OR1 – OR3)/(OR1 – 1); calculated for OR1 significant only.
  4. b Adding insufficient income to the model did not change the ORs.