Principles | Strategies |
---|---|
Supportive – Lessons conducted in a supportive environment. | 1. Publicly recognize all students’ effort, learning, achievements, and improvement. |
2. Provide feedback on student effort, process and progress (not results). | |
3. Identify and manage inappropriate student behavior (e.g., teasing, over-competitiveness). | |
4. Promote positive social interactions between students. | |
Active - Lessons involve a high level of movement and active learning time (ALT). | 1. Use small-side games, circuits and tabloids to maximize participation. |
2. Ensure equipment is plentiful and developmentally appropriate. | |
3. Monitor in-class physical activity using pedometers (i.e., approx. 75–85 steps/min of PE time is equal to 50% ALT). | |
4. Use student leaders to set-up games and activities. | |
Autonomous – Lessons involve elements of choice and opportunities for graded tasks. | 1. Ensure that tasks incorporate multiple challenge levels, and give students the freedom to select level of difficulty. |
2. Provide students with opportunities to create and modify rules and activities. | |
3. Provide students with opportunities for leadership roles. | |
4. Encourage students to assess their own skill performances (e.g., detect and correct their own errors). | |
Fair – Lessons provide all students with an opportunity to experience success. | 1. Ensure tasks are not dominated by the most competent students. |
2. Modify the tasks to increase the opportunity for success (i.e., make the goals bigger, reduce the number of defensive players, alter the equipment used, revise the task rules). | |
3. Ensure students are evenly matched in competitive activities. | |
4. Acknowledge and reward participation and good sportsmanship. | |
Enjoyable – Lessons are designed to be enjoyable and engaging for all students. | 1. Include a wide variety of games and activities. |
2. Provide engaging and age appropriate tasks. | |
3. Avoid boring and repetitive activity (e.g., running around the field for a warm-up). | |
4. Don’t use exercise or activity as punishment. |