| Participants | Intervention group | Control group | Significance* |
---|---|---|---|---|
n = 536 | n = 283 | n = 253 |  | |
Median age in years | 45 (37–52) | 45 (37–52) | 44 (37–51) | 0.49 |
Men (%) | 265 (49.4) | 136 (48.1) | 129 (51.0) | 0.50 |
Education (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.36 |
Elementarya | 61 (11.7) | 27 (9.9) | 34 (13.7) | Â |
Intermediateb | 364 (70.0) | 192 (70.6) | 172 (69.4) | Â |
University or equivalentc | 95 (18.3) | 53 (19.5) | 42 (16.9) | Â |
Family with DM (%)d | 398 (76.2) | 214 (77.8) | 184 (74.5) | 0.37 |
Median BMI in kg/m2 | 26.9 (24.5–29.6) | 26.9 (24.7–29.5) | 27.0 (24.4–29.8) | 0.90 |
Mean waist circumference in cm | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Men | 95.0 (10.9) | 95.0 (10.5) | 95.0 (11.4) | 0.99 |
Women | 90.7 (10.5) | 90.4 (10.6) | 91.1 (10.4) | 0.60 |
Median SBP in mm Hg | 125.5 (117.0–37.3) | 125.7 (117.5–7.5) | 125.0 (116.5–36.5) | 0.53 |
Mean DBP in mm Hg | 83.0 (10.0) | 83.3 (9.9) | 82.7 (10.2) | 0.51 |
Hypertension (%)e| | 200 (38.6) | 105 (38.3) | 95 (38.9) | 0.89 |
Plasma glucose in mmol/l | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Mean FPG | 5.3 (0.5) | 5.3 (0.6) | 5.3 (0.5) | 0.77 |
Median 2-h postload glucose | 5.8 (4.8–6.9) | 5.9 (5.0–7.0) | 5.5 (4.8–6.9) | 0.12 |
Median HbA1c in % | 5.7 (5.4–5.9) | 5.7 (5.4–5.9) | 5.6 (5.4–5.9) | 0.31 |
Median HOMA-IR | 3.1 (2.2–4.1) | 3.1 (2.2–4.2) | 3.0 (2.3–4.1) | 0.91 |
Median insulin in pmol/l | 12.9 (9.6–17.3) | 13.4 (9.6–17.5) | 12.8 (9.6–17.1) | 0.86 |
Mean LDL in mmol/l | 3.2 (0.9) | 3.2 (0.8) | 3.2 (0.9) | 0.83 |
Median HDL in mmol/l) | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) | 1.2 (1.1–1.4) | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) | 0.27 |