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Table 4 Associations between selected lifestyle factors and overweight/obesity and waist to height ratio (WHtR) in Saudi adolescents

From: Lifestyle factors associated with overweight and obesity among Saudi adolescents

Model

Overweight/obesitya

WHtRb

β

SEE

p

aOR (95% CI)

β

SEE

p

aOR (95% CI)

Intercept

- 0.128

0.620

0.836

-

−1.891

0.643

0.003

-

Age

- 0.036

0.037

0.341

0.97 (0.90-1.04)

0.036

0.039

0.344

1.04 (0.96-1.12)

Sex: Female c

-

-

-

1.00

-

-

-

1.00

Male

0.547

0.092

0.000

1.73 (1.44-2.07)

0.421

0.095

0.000

1.52 (1.26-1.84)

School: Public c

-

-

-

1.00

-

-

-

1.00

Private

0.402

0.088

0.000

1.50 (1.26-1.78)

0.360

0.091

0.000

1.43 (1.20-1.71)

Total physical activity: Low c

-

-

-

1.00

-

-

-

1.00

Medium

- 0.238

0.243

0.327

0.79 (0.49-1.27)

- 0.106

0.278

0.702

0.89 (0.52-1.55)

High

- 0.357

0.271

0.187

0.69 (0.41-1.19)

- 0.180

0.515

0.473

0.83 (0.51-1.37)

Vigorous physical activity: low c

-

-

-

1.00

-

-

-

1.00

Medium

- 0.334

0.148

0.024

0.72 (0.54-0.96)

- 0.366

0.152

0.016

0.69 (0.51-0.94)

High

- 0.413

0.170

0.015

0.66 (0.47-0.92)

- 0.463

0.175

0.008

0.63 (0.45-0.89)

Screen time: ≤ 2 hours/day c

-

-

-

1.00

-

-

-

1.00

> 2–5 hours/day

0.086

0.128

0.500

1.09 (0.85-1.39)

0.002

0.132

0.987

1.00 (0.77-1.29)

> 5 hours/day

0.109

0.093

0.239

1.12 (0.93-1.34)

0.014

0.096

0.880

1.02 (0.84-1.22)

Breakfast intake: ≥ 5 days/week c

-

-

-

1.00

-

-

-

1.00

3-4 days/week

0.107

0.131

0.415

1.11 (0.86-1.44)

0.074

0.137

0.591

1.08 (0.82-1.41)

< 3 days/week

0.361

0.090

0.000

1.44 (1.20-1.71)

0.382

0.093

0.000

1.47 (1.22-1.76)

Vegetables intake: ≥ 5 days/week c

-

-

-

1.00

-

-

-

1.00

3-4 days/week

- 0.007

0.108

0.950

0.99 (0.80-1.23)

0.006

0.110

0.958

1.01 (0.81-1.25)

< 3 days/week

0.100

0.106

0.343

1.11 (0.90-1.36)

0.251

0.111

0.024

1.29 (1.03-1.59)

Fruits intake: ≥ 5 days/week c

-

-

-

1.00

-

-

-

1.00

3-4 days/week

0.157

0.119

0.187

1.17 (0.93-1.48)

0.027

0.124

0.826

1.03 (0.81-1.31)

< 3 days/week

0.184

0.112

0.100

1.20 (0.97-1.49)

0.125

0.117

0.286

1.13 (0.90-1.43)

Milk intake: ≥ 5 d/week c

-

-

-

1.00

-

-

-

1.00

3-4 days/week

0.011

0.111

0.920

1.01 (0.81-1.26)

0.061

0.115

0.599

1.06 (0.85-1.33)

< 3 days/week

0.176

0.099

0.075

1.19 (0.98-1.45)

0.199

0.102

0.051

1.22 (0.99-1.49)

Sugar-sweetened drink intake:

≥ 5 days/week c

-

-

-

1.00

-

-

-

1.00

3-4 days/week

0.236

0.097

0.015

1.27 (1.05-1.53)

0.161

0.101

0.110

1.18 (0.96-1.43)

< 3 days/week

0.279

0.102

0.006

1.32 (1.08-1.62)

0.353

0.105

0.001

1.42 (1.16-1.75)

  1. Data were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression adjusted for age.
  2. a Normal weight was used as the reference category.
  3. b WHtR < 0.5 was used as the reference category.
  4. c Reference category.
  5. aOR = age-adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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