Table 1 Endophenotypes under study
Behavioural disinhibition | ||
|---|---|---|
Endophenotype | Abbreviation(s) | Assessment |
(In)efficient allocation of attentional resources in processing task-relevant cognitive information, indexed by the P300 amplitude of the Event-Related brain Potential of an Electroencephalography | P300, ERP, EEG | Visual novelty oddball paradigm to elicit P300 ERP response [8–11]. |
Reward-associated/Risky decision-making skills | FRN, P300 | Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART; [11, 12]) Personality measures by means of BIS/BAS scales [13], BSSS [14], and I7[15, 16]. |
Stress sensitivity | ||
Endophenotype | Abbreviation(s) | Assessment |
Stress reactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, indexed by cortisol | HPA | Cortisol responses to laboratory stressors, including public speaking, high speed mathematics, mental arithmetic tasks [17, 18]. |
Stress reactivity of the autonomic nervous system, including blood pressure, heart rate, heart rate variability responses | ANS, BP, ECG, HR, HRV | ANS responses to laboratory stressors, including public speaking, high speed mathematics, mental arithmetic tasks [17, 18]. |