Skip to main content

Table 3 Odds of being a travel-related case of Salmonella Enteritidis by travel destination

From: The epidemiology of travel-related Salmonella Enteritidis in Ontario, Canada, 2010–2011

 

Unadjusted

Adjusted*

  
 

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

World Region Analysis (Cases: 318, Controls: 3,454)†

Region

    

Europe

Ref

-

Ref

-

Africa

12.40

4.20–36.66

14.01

4.68–41.91

Asia

5.18

2.18–12.30

6.41

2.67–15.41

Central America

5.54

1.64–18.67

5.85

1.71–20.03

Caribbean

32.37

15.95–65.70

37.29

17.87–77.82

North America (Mexico only)

6.30

2.70–14.71

6.89

2.86–16.60

Oceania

2.98

0.37–24.28

3.68

0.45–30.25

South America

4.65

1.22–17.80

5.71

1.48–22.08

Age (years)

    

0–11

9.53

5.50–16.49

7.85

4.37–14.13

12–19

3.22

1.75–5.92

2.36

1.25–4.46

20–34

3.60

2.18–5.96

2.31

1.37–3.90

35–54

2.32

1.42–3.79

1.61

0.97–2.66

55–64

1.31

0.75–2.29

1.08

0.61–1.91

65+

Ref

-

Ref

-

Travel Period: “Winter”

0.50

0.39 – 0.65

1.31

0.98–1.74

Caribbean Country and Mexico Sub-Analysis (Cases: 279, Controls: 1,489)‡

Country

    

Mexico

Ref

-

Ref

-

Cuba

4.53

2.63–7.79

4.75

2.73–8.25

Dominican Republic

4.84

2.86–8.19

5.00

2.92–8.56

Jamaica

16.71

9.19–30.36

17.28

9.29–32.13

Antigua

19.98

8.30–48.07

19.63

7.78–49.52

Curacao

1.12

0.25–5.00

1.50

0.33–6.91

Bahamas

2.20

0.78–6.18

2.02

0.70–5.85

Barbados

12.29

2.83–53.38

13.18

2.96–58.69

St. Lucia

8.20

0.81–82.95

6.59

0.64–68.44

Age (years)

    

0–11

5.35

2.91–9.83

5.75

3.02–10.95

12–19

2.10

1.08–4.08

2.39

1.20–4.77

20–34

2.12

1.23–3.63

1.78

1.01–3.14

35–54

1.42

0.84–2.39

1.28

0.74–2.20

55–64

0.80

0.44–1.48

0.80

0.43–1.50

65+

Ref

Ref

Travel Period: “Winter”

1.83

1.36–2.46

1.35

0.96–1.89

  1. *The adjusted odd ratios (ORs) presented are each adjusted for all of the other significant variables in the model (i.e. age category, travel period, and region or country).
  2. † Of the total 324 cases, there were 6 cases excluded because of the following: two visited multiple world regions, two travelled to the USA, and two visited multiple countries within the Caribbean; of the total 3,710 controls, 256 were excluded because of missing age.
  3. ‡ Of the total 283 cases who travelled to the Caribbean and Mexico, 4 cases were excluded because of the following: two visited multiple countries within the Caribbean, and two cases were excluded because they travelled to Grenada and there were no controls who had travelled to Grenada; of the total 1,682 controls who travelled to the Caribbean and Mexico, 99 were excluded because of missing age, and 94 were excluded because no cases visited their respective countries: Bermuda (6), St. Kitts (4), St. Vincent (3), Trinidad & Tobago (29), Turks & Caicos Is. (1), British Virgin Islands (1), Guadeloupe (29), Haiti (1), Puerto Rico (15), West Indies, N.E.S. (5).