Characteristics | Quartiles of HOMA a | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Q1 b | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | p value for trend c |
HOMA (units) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Median | 0.45 | 0.85 | 1.33 | 2.33 | Â |
Range | 0.13-0.66 | 0.66-1.08 | 1.08-1.67 | 1.67-14.2 | Â |
N | 281 | 281 | 281 | 281 | Â |
Total physical activity (MET-hrs/week)d | 185.1 (122.6) | 167.6 (121.4) | 160.7 (114.1) | 144.7 (101.0) | < 0.001 |
Domestic activity | 26.0 (24.7) | 30.0 (25.5) | 32.9 (25.9) | 31.5 (28.1) | 0.011 |
Occupational activity | 148.8 (124.7) | 126.4 (122.4) | 117.3 (117.7) | 102.0 (103.7) | < 0.001 |
Transportation activity | 7.6 (11.0) | 7.1 (12.2) | 6.3 (8.1) | 5.7 (7.5) | 0.121 |
Leisure time activity | 2.7 (13.6) | 4.0 (14.6) | 4.2 (13.7) | 5.5 (16.9) | 0.173 |
Age (years) | 50.9 (14.0) | 49.3 (13.7) | 46.8 (14.3) | 46.9 (14.7) | 0.001 |
Male (%) | 60.9 | 43.4 | 36.7 | 38.4 | < 0.001 |
Education (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Primary school | 42.7 | 45.2 | 43.9 | 35.6 | 0.021 |
High school | 53.4 | 49.8 | 48.9 | 56.6 | Â |
College | 3.9 | 5.0 | 7.1 | 7.8 | Â |
Urban residents (%) | 22.1 | 31.0 | 36.7 | 35.6 | < 0.001 |
Income (Yuan, per capita) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Low (< 5000) | 42.9 | 36.4 | 35.0 | 28.9 | 0.005 |
Medium (5000-10000) | 33.5 | 35.2 | 33.6 | 40.9 | Â |
High (> 10000) | 23.7 | 28.5 | 31.4 | 30.2 | Â |
Current smokers (%) | 36.8 | 27.4 | 18.5 | 15.7 | < 0.001 |
Alcohol drinking (%) | 47.0 | 31.7 | 29.5 | 25.3 | < 0.001 |
Dietary intake | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Total energy (kcal/d) | 2603.0 (1140.3) | 2464.6 (888.3) | 2386.7 (1149.8) | 2344.8 (804.0) | 0.025 |
Fat (g/d) | 63.7 (26.9) | 69.5 (32.3) | 64.3 (32.7) | 66.6 (30.5) | 0.142 |
WHR | 0.85 (0.09) | 0.85 (0.08) | 0.86 (0.07) | 0.88 (0.07) | < 0.001 |
Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 4.8 (0.6) | 4.9 (0.5) | 5.0 (0.6) | 5.3 (0.7) | < 0.001 |
Fasting insulin (uU/ml) | 2.0 (0.9) | 4.0 (0.7) | 6.1 (1.1) | 11.7 (6.2) | < 0.001 |
hs-CRP (mmol/L) | 1.4 (3.3) | 1.3 (2.6) | 1.3 (3.0) | 1.8 (3.1) | 0.159 |
Sleep duration (hours) | 8.3 (1.1) | 8.3 (1.2) | 8.2 (1.1) | 8.2 (1.2) | 0.751 |