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Table 3 Resources associated with mental health among urban and rural respondents

From: Relationships among sense of coherence, resources, and mental health in urban and rural residents in Japan

 

Urban A (n=363)

Rural B (n=269)

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

 

β

p

β

p

β

p

β

p

β

p

β

p

Sociodemographic characteristics

            

 Gender (1=Male, 0=Female)

.06

.350

.07

.240

.03

.536

-.08

.097

-.07

.160

-.05

.291

 Age (years)

-.24

<.001

-.20

<.001

-.13

.037

-.04

.461

-.03

.624

.02

.649

 Physical activity limitations

.32

<.001

.29

<.001

.25

<.001

.33

<.001

.30

<.001

.28

<.001

 Education

            

  Junior high school (ref)

            

  High school

.05

.688

.08

.522

.11

.362

-.01

.941

.00

.948

.08

.225

  Junior or technical college

.00

.989

.08

.526

.11

.376

-.06

.415

-.02

.774

.05

.393

  Four-year university or graduate school

.02

.912

.13

.341

.14

.270

.03

.609

.05

.389

.09

.107

 Economic status

-.15

.015

-.06

.301

-.05

.402

-.06

.250

-.01

.891

-.01

.903

 Marital status

.03

.573

.09

.095

.09

.094

-.06

.241

-.04

.382

-.06

.201

 Employment status

-.10

.086

-.09

.082

-.08

.133

.00

.959

.01

.890

.02

.613

Life stressors

.27

<.001

.19

.003

.15

.015

.32

<.001

.22

<.001

.09

.085

Social resources

            

 Social capital

  

.05

.362

.04

.402

  

-.02

.640

.01

.761

 Social support

  

.00

.958

.02

.672

  

-.07

.184

-.04

.391

 Community activities

  

-.03

.626

.00

.940

  

-.02

.670

-.04

.358

Psychological resources

            

 Self-esteem

  

-.26

<.001

-.12

.088

  

-.21

<.001

-.05

.373

 Humor

  

-.06

.289

-.05

.312

  

-.11

.020

-.10

.023

 Optimism

  

-.16

.012

-.13

.029

  

-.08

.174

-.07

.163

SOC score

    

-.30

<.001

    

-.41

<.001

 Adjusted R2

.36

 

.46

 

.49

 

.31

 

.40

 

.49

 

 ΔR2

  

.11

 

.04

   

.10

 

.09

 
  1. According to hierarchical multiple regression analysis, mental health (GHQ) score as dependent variable.