Table 1 Characteristics of research respondents
Urban A | Rural B | p Value for comparison | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | Mean/n | SD/% | n | Mean/n | SD/% | ||||
Age(year) | 268 | 49.8 | ± | 11.4 | 361 | 52.3 | ± | 10.0 | .004 |
Gender | 267 | 361 | |||||||
Female | 152 | (56.9%) | 185 | (51.2%) | .158 | ||||
Male | 115 | (43.1%) | 176 | (48.8%) | |||||
Physical activity limitations | 266 | 359 | |||||||
No limitation at all | 111 | (41.7%) | 129 | (35.9%) | .400 | ||||
Very little limitation | 106 | (39.8%) | 172 | (47.9%) | |||||
Some limitation | 40 | (15.0%) | 43 | (12.0%) | |||||
Severe limitation | 9 | (3.4%) | 15 | (4.2%) | |||||
Education | 260 | 362 | |||||||
Junior high school | 14 | (5.4%) | 61 | (16.9%) | <.001 | ||||
High school | 65 | (25.0%) | 196 | (54.1%) | |||||
Junior or technical college | 73 | (28.1%) | 72 | (19.9%) | |||||
Four-year university or graduate school | 108 | (41.5%) | 33 | (9.1%) | |||||
Economic status | 263 | 361 | |||||||
Barely sufficient for subsistence | 12 | (4.6%) | 49 | (13.6%) | <.001 | ||||
No difficulties with subsistence | 59 | (22.4%) | 117 | (32.4%) | |||||
Can afford some common amenities | 141 | (53.6%) | 168 | (46.5%) | |||||
Economically comfortable | 51 | (19.4%) | 27 | (7.5%) | |||||
Marital status | 262 | 362 | |||||||
Married | 178 | (67.9% | 291 | (80.4%) | <.001 | ||||
Unmarried | 84 | (32.1%) | 71 | (19.6%) | |||||
Employment status | 262 | 359 | |||||||
Employed | 240 | (91.6%) | 322 | (89.7%) | .423 | ||||
Unemployed | 22 | (8.4%) | 37 | (10.3%) | |||||
SOC score (range 13–65) | 269 | 42.6 | ± | 8.1 | 363 | 41.4 | ± | 7.8 | .058 |
Social capital (range=6-30) | 263 | 19.8 | ± | 4.4 | 358 | 22.9 | ± | 4.1 | <.001 |
Social support (range=0-6) | 268 | 4.2 | ± | 1.9 | 361 | 4.0 | ± | 1.9 | .125 |
Community activities | 268 | 356 | |||||||
Participation | 107 | (39.9%) | 279 | (78.4%) | <.001 | ||||
None | 161 | (60.1%) | 77 | (21.6%) | |||||
Self-esteem (range=10-50) | 268 | 35.0 | ± | 6.8 | 360 | 31.7 | ± | 6.0 | <.001 |
Humor (range=8-40) | 269 | 26.6 | ± | 6.1 | 360 | 26.0 | ± | 6.6 | .255 |
Optimism (range=6-30) | 268 | 19.0 | ± | 3.5 | 361 | 17.4 | ± | 3.3 | <.001 |
Life stressors (range 0–14) | 268 | 7.5 | ± | 3.4 | 360 | 8.3 | ± | 3.4 | .004 |
Mental health (GHQ) (range 0–36) | 269 | 13.3 | ± | 5.5 | 363 | 13.6 | ± | 5.5 | .506 |