Seronegative (n=125) | HCV and HIV co-infection (n=190) | HCV-monoinfected (n=1128) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Factors | n(%) | n(%) | OR(95%CI) | n(%) | OR(95%CI) |
Sociodemographics | |||||
Age (years), median (IQR) | 35 (30–45) | 40 (32–47) | 1.03 (1.004-1.05) | 40 (33–48) | 1.04 (1.02-1.06) |
Male gender | 101 (80.8) | 158 (83.2) | 1.17 (0.65-2.11) | 982 (87.1) | 1.60 (0.99-2.58) |
Year admitted, 2009-2010 | 51 (40.8) | 111 (58.4) | 2.01 (1.27-3.18) | 614 (54.4) | 1.72 (1.18-2.50) |
Married status | 25 (20.0) | 40 (21.1) | 1.07 (0.61-1.87) | 247 (21.9) | 1.12 (0.71-1.78) |
Education level≦Primary school | 10 (8.0) | 30 (15.8) | 2.16 (1.10-4.59) | 194 (17.2) | 2.39 (1.23-4.64) |
Unemployment | 67 (53.6) | 118 (62.1) | 1.42 (0.90-2.24) | 652 (57.8) | 1.19 (0.82-1.72) |
Source of most incomea | |||||
 Regular employment | 77 (61.6) | 103 (54.2) | 1 | 689 (61.1) | 1 |
 Social welfare/Family | 36 (28.8) | 70 (36.8) | 1.45 (0.88-2.39) | 363 (32.2) | 1.23 (0.74-1.71) |
 Others | 12 (9.6) | 17 (8.9) | 1.06 (0.48-2.35) | 76 (6.7) | 0.71 (0.37-1.36) |
Living situation | |||||
 Live with family | 95 (76.0) | 134 (70.5) | 1 | 860 (76.2) | 1 |
 Live with friends | 20 (16.0) | 31 (16.3) | 1.10 (0.59-2.04) | 112 (9.9) | 0.62 (0.37-1.04) |
 Live aloneb | 10 (8.0) | 25 (13.2) | 1.77 (0.81-3.86) | 156 (13.8) | 1.72 (0.88-3.38) |
Lifetime MMTP admissions, mean (range) | 1.14 (1–4) | 1.41 (1–4) | 2.63 (1.57-4.39) | 1.22 (1–4) | 1.49 (0.94-2.37) |
Lifetime incarcerations, median (IQR) | 1 (0–2) | 4 (2–5) | 1.92 (1.64-2.25) | 3 (2–5) | 1.82 (1.58-2.10) |
Substance use histories | |||||
Age at first injection drug use ≤20 | 31 (24.8) | 66 (34.7) | 1.61 (0.98-2.67) | 315 (27.9) | 1.18 (0.77-1.80) |
Length of drug injection (years), mean (range) | 9.28 (1–34) | 14.56 (1–49) | 1.10 (1.06-1.14) | 14.76 (1–64) | 1.08 (1.05-1.11) |
Shared syringesa | 11 (8.8) | 135 (71.1) | 25.44 (12.71-50.90) | 161 (14.3) | 1.73 (0.91-3.28) |
Smoking amphetaminea | 75 (60.0) | 106 (55.8) | 0.84 (0.53-1.33) | 514 (45.6) | 0.56 (0.38-0.81) |
Smoking Marijuanaa | 119 (95.2) | 184 (96.8) | 1.55 (0.49-4.91) | 1081 (95.8) | 1.16 (0.49-2.77) |
Used cocainea | 5 (4.0) | 5 (2.6) | 0.65 (0.18-2.29) | 43 (3.8) | 0.95 (0.37-2.45) |
Swallowed sedative drugsa | 17 (13.6) | 28 (14.7) | 1.10 (0.57-2.10) | 145 (12.9) | 0.94 (0.55-1.61) |
Any alcohol usea | 19 (15.2) | 20 (10.5) | 0.66 (0.34-1.29) | 114 (10.1) | 0.63 (0.37-1.06) |
Urine morphine testingc | 113 (90.4) | 167 (87.9) | 0.77 (0.37-1.61) | 1033 (91.6) | 1.16 (0.61-2.17) |
Urine amphetamine testingc | 72 (57.6) | 48 (25.3) | 0.46 (0.28-0.74) | 829 (73.5) | 0.49 (0.34-0.72) |