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Table 3 Statistical associations between wearing a face mask in public and personal hygiene practices and health behaviors

From: Wearing face masks in public during the influenza season may reflect other positive hygiene practices in Japan

Variables

Crude

Adjusted

 

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

I wash my hands

  Frequently

2.25

(2.09–2.37)

1.67

(1.34–1.96)

  Occasionally

1.84

(1.56–2.07)

1.43

(1.10–1.75)

I try to avoid going to places where there are lots of people

  Frequently

2.13

(2.04–2.21)

1.85

(1.70–1.98)

  Occasionally

1.82

(1.72–1.91)

1.65

(1.53–1.76)

  Not often/not do

1

 

1

 

I gargle

  Frequently

2.12

(2.02–2.20)

1.68

(1.51–1.84)

  Occasionally

1.70

(1.56–1.83)

1.46

(1.29–1.62)

  Not often/not do

1

 

1

 

I avoid close contact with people who are infected

  Frequently

2.04

(1.93–2.14)

1.50

(1.33–1.67)

  Occasionally

1.64

(1.51–1.76)

1.31

(1.16–1.46)

  Not often/not do

1

 

1

 

I try to have a good sleep

  Frequently

1.75

(1.62–1.87)

1.17

(1.01–1.34)

  Occasionally

1.42

(1.28–1.55)

1.19

(1.04–1.34)

  Not often/not do

1

 

1

 

I was vaccinated last influenza season

  Yes

1.19

(1.06–1.31)

1.31

(1.17–1.45)

  No

1

 

1

 
  1. OR: adjusted Odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.