From: Traumatic brain injury among people who are homeless: a systematic review
Research study | Quality1 rating | Setting | Sample size (% male); mean age in years (SD); mean duration of homelessness in days (SD) | TBI assessment method | Rate of TBI among sample |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Oddy et al. (2012) | 12 | 11 Homeless hostels and day centre services in the UK (dry and wet hostels and day centres) | N=100 (75%); 32.7 (12.3) NR | Self- Report: “Have you ever had an injury to the head which knocked you out or at least left you dazed, confused or disoriented?” | 48% |
Hux et al. (2009) | 11 | Homeless shelter in a midwest State (USA) | N=240 (14%); 35.6 (NR); NR | HELPS screening Tool; asks five questions related to events where respondents may have hit their head, the aftermath associated with the event and problems of daily living | 20% |
Hwang et al. (2008) | 15 | Shelters and meal programs in Toronto, Ontario (Canada) | N=904 (67%); 37.4 (12.9); 1606 (2154) | Self- Report: “Have you ever had an injury to the head which knocked you out or at least left you dazed, confused or disoriented?” | 53% |
Kim et al. (2007) | 12 | Neurosurgical department (Korea) | N = 76 (93%); 40 (53%) were 50 years old or above2; NR | Retrospective review of medical records and radiological films following admission to neurosurgical department | NA3 |
Solliday- McRoy et al. (2004) | 10 | Large homeless shelter in Milwaukee, Wisconsin (USA) | N=90 (100%); 41.0 (9.06); 87.7 (75.6) | Self-Report Questionnaire | 48% |
Gonzalez et al. (2001) | 12 | Health Care for the Homeless Clinic in Miami, Florida (USA) | N=60 (60%); 39.8 (11.4); NR | Documented instance of concussion or loss of consciousness or the patient's self-report | 38% |
Cotman & Sandman (1997) | 10 | Homeless residents of an 18 month residential program in Orange County, California (USA) | N=24 (54%); 30.6 (6.5); NR | Self-report | 8% |
Bremner et al. (1996) | 15 | Hostel in London (UK) | N=62 (100%); NR; median duration of last episode, 42 days4 | Detailed semi-structured questionnaire to assess health history; Head injury was defined as “sufficient to lose consciousness at some point in their life” | 46% |