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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 213 included subjects and changes in selected clinical and metabolic variables from baseline to follow-up at 18 months among 182 completers of the study.

From: Effects of lifestyle intervention in persons at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus - results from a randomised, controlled trial

 

Individual physician group (IG)

n = 104

Individual plus interdisciplinary group (IIG)

n = 109

All

n = 213

 

Baseline

Baseline

Baseline

Age

45,9 (11)

47,0 (11)

46,5 (11)

Gender, men, %

53

47

50

Married or cohabiting, %

79

69

74

High school or university, %

27

29

28

Employed, %

64

61

62

BMI

35,9 (6)

37,6 (6)

36,8 (6)

 

Baseline

Follow-up

P value

Baseline

Follow-up

P value

Baseline

Follow-up

Δ-value

P value

 

n = 89

n = 93

n = 182

Weight, kg

111,7 (22)

108,7 (23)

< 0,001*

110,5 (22)

108,0 (20)

0,001*

111,1(22)

108,3 (21)

2,8

< 0,001*

BMI, kg/m 2

35,8 (6)

34,8 (6)

< 0,001*

37,0 (6)

36,2 (6)

< 0,001*

36,4 (6)

35,5 (6)

0,9

< 0,001*

Waist circumference, cm

119 (14)

115 (15)

< 0,001*

118 (15)

116 (14)

< 0,001*

118 (14)

115 (14)

3

< 0,001*

Aerobic capacity, ml/kg/min 2 2

27,4 (8)

29,8 (8)

< 0,001*

26,4 (8)

28,7 (7)

< 0,001*

26,9 (8)

29,2 (7)

2,3

< 0,001*

Heart rate at end of exercise test 2

159 (22)

163 (21)

0,009*

159 (19)

161 (21)

0,17*

159 (20)

162 (21)

3

0,004*

SBP, mmHg

144 (18)

147 (19)

0,09*

144 (20

143 (19)

0,84*

144 (19)

145 (19)

1

0,37*

DBP, mmHg

90 (11)

91 (10)

0,42*

88 (10)

91 (11)

0,03*

89 (11)

91 (11)

2

0,04*

Fasting plasma glucose, mmol/l

5,5(0,8)

5,6(0,7)

0,69*

5,6(0,8)

5,8(1,2)

0,06*

5,6(0,8)

5,7(1,0)

0,1

0,08*

HbA1c, %

5,6 (0,4)

5,6 (0,5)

0,11*

5,6 (0,4)

5,6 (0,5)

0,91*

5,6 (0,4)

5,6 (0,5)

0

0,29*

Total cholesterol, mmol/l

5,5 (1,1)

5,3 (1,0)

0,09*

5,4 (1,1)

5,2 (1,1)

0,07*

5,4 (1,1)

5,3 (1,0)

0,1

0,01*

HDL cholesterol, mmol/l

1,18 (0,3)

1,23 (0,3)

0,006*

1,28 (0,4)

1,25 (0,4)

0.17*

1,23 (0,4)

1,24 (0,3)

0,01

0,40*

Triglycerides, mmol/l

1,9 (1,0)

1,6 (0,7)

< 0,001*

1,8 (1,4)

1,5 (0,8)

0,01*

1,9 (1,2)

1,5 (0,7)

0,4

< 0,001*

Diet score, mean

29 (4)

33 (4)

< 0,001*

29 (4)

34 (3)

< 0,001*

29 (4)

34 (4)

5

< 0,001*

Healthy diet, % of all

2

16

0,007#

1

20

< 0,001#

2

18

16

< 0,001#

Unhealthy diet, % of all

60

17

< 0,001#

56

10

< 0,001#

58

13

45

< 0,001#

Daily smoking, %

21

17

0,22#

18

18

1,0#

20

17

3

0,34#

Days/week using cod liver oil

1,8 (3)

3,4 (3)

< 0,001*

1,8 (3)

4,1 (3)

< 0,001*

1,8 (3)

3,7 (3)

1,9

< 0,001*

Cod liver oil ≥ 5 days per week

25

43

0,02#

26

54

< 0,001#

25

49

24

< 0,001#

  1. Values are means with standard deviations in parenthesis, unless stated otherwise.
  2. 1Inter-group differences with p < 0.05 based on Chi-Square test for categorical variables and independent sample t-test for quantitative data
  3. *paired sample t test # McNemar test
  4. 2 N = 63 & n = 66 in the IG and IIG group, respectively
  5. Δ-value displays the actual difference between baseline and follow-up