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Table 3 Estimated relationship between individual and family characteristics with alcohol expectancy in alcohol-experienced children

From: Differential relationships of family drinking with alcohol expectancy among urban school children

Characteristicsa

Dimension of Alcohol Expectancy

 

GPT βwt(95% CI)

ESB βwt(95% CI)

PRTR βwt(95% CI)

DCBF βwt(95% CI)

Grade (ref: 4th)

    

   6th

0.18 (0.03, 0.33)*

0.13 (-0.03, 0.29)

0.27 (0.15, 0.40)***

0.23 (0.05, 0.40)**

Gender (ref: Female)

    

   Male

0.18 (-0.01, 0.37)

0.04 (-0.13, 0.20)

-0.004 (-0.22, 0.21)

-0.08 (-0.25, 0.09)

Living with parents (ref: Living with two parents)

    

   Living with none or one parent

-0.01 (-0.31, 0.29)

0.002 (-0.20, 0.22)

0.08 (-0.15, 0.31)

-0.07 (-0.26, 0.11)

Parental employment (ref: None or one)

    

   Both employed

-0.01 (-0.20, 0.17)

0.06 (-0.08, 0.21)

0.006 (-0.17, 0.19)

-0.21 (-0.40, -0.01)*

Monthly allowance (NT)(ref: 0)

    

   1-499

0.08 (-0.13, 0.30)

0.01 (-0.21, 0.23)

0.09 (-0.12, 0.32)

0.25 (0.01, 0.50)*

   500 or above

0.12 (-0.08, 0.32)

0.10 (-0.14, 0.34)

0.21 (0.03, 0.38)*

0.34 (0.10, 0.58)**

After school program attendance (ref: No)

    

   Yes

-0.12 (-0.35, 0.11)

-0.08 (-0.28, 0.12)

-0.10 (-0.30, 0.10)

-0.007 (-0.15, 0.14)

Paternal drinking (ref: No)

    

   Yes

-0.05 (-0.25, 0.15)

-0.15 (-0.38, 0.07)

0.09 (-0.07, 0.24)

0.05 (-0.16, 0.26)

Maternal drinking (ref: No)

    

   Yes

0.17 (0.01, 0.34)*

0.23 (0.07, 0.40)**

0.08 (-0.07, 0.23)

-0.01 (-0.19, 0.17)

Elder sibling's drinking (ref: No)

    

   Yes

0.02 (-0.19, 0.23)

0.27 (0.04, 0.49)*

0.13 (-0.06, 0.32)

0.08 (-0.16, 0.33)

Alcohol consumption (ref: Experimental use)

    

   Occasional use

0.17 (-0.01, 0.34)

0.54 (0.37, 0.72)***

0.10 (-0.07, 0.27)

-0.29 (-0.47, -0.11)**

Age at first alcohol use (ref: 7 or older)

    

   Younger than 7 year-old

0.09 (-0.09, 0.28)

0.05 (-0.14, 0.23)

0.17 (-0.01, 0.35)

0.11 (-0.07, 0.28)

  1. Notes: Three scales of positive alcohol expectancy: "global positive transformation (GPT)," "enhanced social behaviors (ESB)," and "promoting relaxation or tension reduction (PRTR)," and one negative scale: "deteriorated cognitive and behavioral functions (DCBF)."
  2. a. Estimated regression coefficients were derived from multivariate linear regression (weighted data with Taylor series linearization) with simultaneous adjustment for listed covariates.
  3. b. *p < 0.05 ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001