Skip to main content

Table 3 Logistic regression analysis of socio-demographic factors associated with stunting among primary school children in Lahore, Pakistan (n = 1860)

From: Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of stunting and thinness among Pakistani primary school children

Characteristics

Crude OR (95% CI)

P Value

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

P Value

Gender

    

   Boys

1.13 (0.81-1.57)

0.481

0.91 (0.62-1.34)

0.641

   Girls

Reference

 

Reference

 

Age

    

   5-6 years (60-83 months)

Reference

 

Reference

 

   7-8 years (84-107 months)

1.56 (0.89-2.74)

0.118

1.68 (0.95-3.00)

0.076

   9-10 years (108-131 months)

2.58 (1.52-4.41)

< 0.001

2.94 (1.68-5.16)

< 0.001

   11-12 years (132-155 months)

5.35 (2.97-9.62)

< 0.001

3.60 (1.89-6.88)

< 0.001

Area and socioeconomic status (SES)

    

   Urban, high SES

Reference

 

Reference

 

   Urban, middle SES

0.84 (0.37-1.90)

0.679

0.72 (0.30-1.74)

0.465

   Urban, low SES

3.91 (2.09-7.33)

< 0.001

2.58 (1.15-5.81)

0.025

   Rural, low/disadvantaged SES

7.33 (4.02-13.38)

< 0.001

2.49 (0.95-6.53)

0.063

Neighborhood income

    

   Low

9.82 (4.27-22.61)

< 0.001

4.62 (1.63-13.10)

0.004

   Middle

2.07 (0.87-4.95)

0.102

1.81 (0.69-4.74)

0.226

   High

Reference

 

Reference

 

Parental education

    

   Illiterate

3.44 (2.03-5.83)

< 0.001

0.55 (0.26-1.16)

0.117

   High school

2.92 (1.75-4.89)

< 0.001

0.80 (0.41-1.55)

0.507

   College

0.83 (0.45-1.55)

0.562

0.61 (0.32-1.19)

0.146

   Higher education

Reference

 

Reference

 

Number of siblings

    

   No

Reference

 

Reference

 

   1-3

1.33 (0.18-10.03)

0.781

1.07 (0.13-8.73)

0.952

   > 3

3.44 (0.46-25.69)

0.228

1.12 (0.13-9.41)

0.915

Number of persons in child's living room

    

   No

Reference

 

Reference

 

   1-3

7.76 (1.06-58.72)

0.044

4.49 (0.60-33.65)

0.144

   > 3

13.63 (1.88-98.66)

0.010

4.25 (0.56-32.16)

0.161

Smoking in living place

    

   Yes

1.91 (1.36-2.67)

< 0.001

1.33 (0.92-1.93)

0.136

   No

Reference

 

Reference

Â