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Table 3 Relative risk of returning to work after different categories of stroke, among all registered cases of stroke in the Swedish population between 1996 and 2000.

From: Income and education as predictors of return to working life among younger stroke patients

 

Stroke subtype

 

Cerebral infarction

Subarachnoid haemorrhage

Intracerebral haemorrhage

 

n = 4754

n = 1051

n = 892

Independent variable

RRb (95% CI)

RR (95% CI)

RR (95% CI)

Education

p = 0.102

p = 0.439

p = 0.204

   Compulsory

1 (ref)

1 (ref)

1 (ref)

   Upper secondary

1.01

(0.93-1.09)

1.03

(0.86-1.22)

1.09

(0.88-1.37)

   University

1.10

(1.00-1.21)

1.13

(0.93-1.38)

1.25

(0.97-1.60)

Income

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

   1st quartile (lowest)

1 (ref)

1 (ref)

1 (ref)

   2nd quartile

1.35

(1.21-1.50)

1.34

(1.10-1.64)

1.69

(1.27-2.24)

   3rd quartile

1.62

(1.46-1.80)

1.63

(1.32-2.02)

1.72

(1.29-2.29)

   4th quartile (highest)

1.94

(1.74-2.16)

1.91

(1.53-2.39)

2.26

(1.69-3.01)

Women (ref = men, RR = 1)

p = 0.746

p = 0.134

p = 0.604

   Women

0.99

(0.91-1.07)

0.89

(0.76-1.04)

0.95

(0.77-1.17)

Days of hospital care for stroke c

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

p < 0.001

   Linear (per 10 days)

0.81

(0.78-0.84)

0.88

(0.83-0.94)

0.85

(0.78-0.92)

   Quadratic/100 days

1.005

(1.003-1.007)

1.000

(0.996-1.005)

1.002

(0.996-1.008)

  1. Results from discrete time hazard regressions.
  2. Results from discrete time hazard regressions controlling for age and age-square. The reference category is marked "Ref". The P-value to the right of the variable name is for the whole variable, e.g. if the variable represents a significant contribution to the model. These estimations are based on Wald tests. Results in bold have p < 0.05.
  3. The same variables are included as in Model 3 in Table 2.
  4. Persons were excluded if they had previously had an ischemic heart disease or TIA, or if they earned less than €6,600 in the year prior to the stroke. We also excluded 'stroke, not specified' (ICD 164) in Table 3 since we wanted as distinct categories as possible for the comparison.
  5. † p < 0.10.
  6. b RR = Relative Risk. A higher RR means higher probability of returning to work early. CI = Confidence Intervals.
  7. c Linear and quadratic terms are entered simultaneously. P-values indicate the combined effect of linear and quadratic representation.