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Table 3 Covariates associated relative risks of gastroenteritis, skin infections, and eye diseases during water outage compared with those during normal period in Taiwan, 2004-2006

From: Water outage increases the risk of gastroenteritis and eyes and skin diseases

  

Outage period (vs. normal period)

10-day lag period (vs. normal period )

  

RR (95% CI)

RR (95% CI)

Gastroenteritis

   

Temperature (°C)

< 15

1.19(1.05-1.34)*

1.15(1.08-1.23)***

 

15-19

1.19(1.10-1.28)***

1.10(1.05-1.16)***

 

20-24

1.20(1.12-1.28)***

1.24(1.19-1.29)***

 

25-29

1.69(1.56-1.83)***

1.61(1.53-1.71)***

 

30+

12.1(6.17-23.7)***

11.3(6.10-20.8)***

 

p for trend

0.16

0.16

Humidity (%)

< 67

1.31(1.24-1.37)***

1.28(1.24-1.32)***

 

67-83

1.36(1.23-1.51)***

1.21(1.13-1.29)***

 

84+

1.25(1.11-1.41)**

1.29(1.21-1.38)***

 

p for trend

0.63

0.93

Age (years)

< 15

1.30(1.21-1.40)***

1.23(1.17-1.28)***

 

15-64

1.32(1.24-1.41)***

1.28(1.23-1.33)***

 

65+

1.29(1.18-1.40)***

1.26(1.20-1.33)***

 

p for trend

0.79

0.59

Education Index

0.82-0.84

1.38(1.29-1.49)***

1.39(1.33-1.46)***

 

0.85+

1.30(1.23-1.36)***

1.23(1.19-1.26)***

 

P value

0.97

0.91

Skin infections

   

Temperature(°C)

< 15

1.14(0.99-1.30)

1.10(1.02-1.18)*

 

15-19

1.26(1.16-1.37)***

1.23(1.17-1.30)***

 

20-24

1.26(1.17-1.35)***

1.26(1.20-1.31)***

 

25-29

1.63(1.50-1.77)***

1.52(1.44-1.61)***

 

30+

4.48(2.29-8.78)***

5.19(2.94-9.17)***

 

p for trend

0.12

0.13

Humidity (%)

< 67

1.38(1.31-1.45)***

1.33(1.29-1.38)***

 

67-83

1.31(1.18-1.46)***

1.15(1.07-1.24)***

 

84+

1.30(1.14-1.49)***

1.38(1.28-1.49)***

 

p for trend

0.26

0.87

Age (years)

< 15

1.43(1.30-1.58)***

1.27(1.19-1.35)***

 

15-64

1.35(1.26-1.44)***

1.30(1.25-1.35)***

 

65+

1.36(1.24-1.48)***

1.30(1.23-1.38)***

 

p for trend

0.41

0.33

Education Index

0.82-0.84

1.42(1.31-1.54)***

1.44(1.36-1.52)***

 

0.85+

1.35(1.28-1.42)***

1.26(1.23-1.31)***

 

p value

0.96

0.90

Eye infections

   

Temperature(°C)

< 15

1.05(0.81-1.36)

1.14(1.004-1.30)*

 

15-19

1.28(1.10-1.48)*

1.27(1.15-1.39)***

 

20-24

1.10(0.98-1.24)

1.24(1.16-1.32)***

 

25-29

1.73(1.54-1.94)***

1.65(1.52-1.79)***

 

30+

40.3(7.23-224)***

18.0(3.56-90.7)**

 

p for trend

0.17

0.17

Humidity (%)

< 67

1.33(1.22-1.44)***

1.39(1.32-1.46)***

 

67-83

1.27(1.07-1.50)*

1.20(1.08-1.34)**

 

84+

1.50(1.20-1.86)**

1.35(1.18-1.54)***

 

p for trend

0.50

0.87

Age (years)

< 15

1.34(1.17-1.53)***

1.38(1.27-1.50)***

 

15-64

1.36(1.24-1.49)***

1.32(1.24-1.39)***

 

65+

1.27(1.07-1.51)*

1.48(1.33-1.64)***

 

p for trend

0.47

0.58

Education Index

0.82-0.84

1.41(1.23-1.61)***

1.53(1.39-1.67)***

 

0.85+

1.31(1.21-1.42)***

1.28(1.22-1.34)***

 

p for trend

0.95

0.86

  1. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001; *** p < 0.0001
  2. ※Model included water outage period, daily average temperature, daily relative humidity, year, month, holiday, area, sex, age, GDP index, and education index were included in the model.