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Table 1 Crude and adjusted associations between parental alcohol use and four dimensions of school adjustment

From: Parental alcohol use and adolescent school adjustment in the general population: Results from the HUNT study

  

Attention

Academic

Conduct

Dissatisfaction

 

N

d

95% C.I.

d

95% C.I.

d

95% C.I.

d

95% C.I.

Crude associations

             

   Maternal alcohol

  

***

  

***

  

***

    

   Abuse

134

0.35

**

0.13 - 0.56

0.03

 

-0.15 - 0.21

0.32

**

0.11 - 0.53

0.05

 

-0.14 - 0.24

   At risk

768

0.15

***

0.07 - 0.23

0.02

 

-0.06 - 0.10

0.10

*

0.02 - 0.16

-0.02

 

-0.09 - 0.06

   Abstainer

491

-0.11

*

-0.20 - -0.02

-0.12

*

-0.22 - -0.03

-0.19

***

-0.28 - -0.11

-0.01

 

-0.11 - 0.09

   Missing response

2818

0.09

***

0.04 - 0.14

0.12

***

0.07 - 0.17

0.04

-

0.00 - 0.09

0.03

 

-0.02 - 0.08

   Light drinking

4580

0

  

0

  

0

  

0

  

   Paternal alcohol

  

***

  

***

  

***

  

**

 

   Abuse

215

0.23

**

0.08 - 0.38

0.02

 

-0.13 - 0.17

0.24

**

0.08 - 0.40

0.08

 

-0.07 - 0.22

   At risk

799

0.13

**

0.05 - 0.20

0.02

 

-0.06 - 0.10

0.14

***

0.06 - 0.21

0.04

 

-0.04 - 0.12

   Abstainer

281

-0.08

 

-0.19 - 0.04

-0.23

***

-0.36 - -0.10

-0.07

 

-0.18 - 0.04

-0.08

 

-0.21 - 0.05

   Missing response

4000

0.14

***

0.10 - 0.19

0.13

***

0.08 - 0.17

0.14

***

0.09 - 0.18

0.08

**

0.03 - 0.12

   Light drinking

3496

0

  

0

  

0

  

0

  

Adjusted for other parent's alcohol use and for demography

   Maternal alcohol

  

***

  

**

  

***

    

   Abuse

134

0.27

*

0.06 - 0.49

0.06

 

-0.11 - 0.24

0.27

**

0.07 - 0.48

0.04

 

-0.15 - 0.23

   At risk

768

0.09

*

0.01 - 0.17

0.06

 

-0.02 - 0.14

0.08

 

0.00 - 0.16

-0.02

 

-0.09 - 0.06

   Abstainer

491

-0.12

*

-0.22 - -0.02

-0.07

 

-0.18 - 0.04

-0.18

***

-0.28 - -0.08

0.02

 

-0.09 - 0.12

   Missing response

2818

0.03

 

-0.02 - 0.08

0.05

 

0.00 - 0.10

-0.01

 

-0.06 - 0.04

-0.01

 

-0.06 - 0.04

   Light drinking

4580

0

  

0

  

0

  

0

  

   Paternal alcohol

  

***

     

***

    

   Abuse

215

0.21

**

0.05 - 0.36

0.06

 

-0.09 - 0.20

0.18

*

0.01 - 0.34

0.10

 

-0.05 - 0.24

   At risk

799

0.11

**

0.03 - 0.18

0.03

 

-0.05 - 0.11

0.11

**

0.03 - 0.19

0.05

 

-0.03 - 0.12

   Abstainer

281

-0.04

 

-0.16 - 0.08

-0.17

*

-0.31 - -0.04

0.06

 

-0.06 - 0.19

-0.09

 

-0.24 - 0.05

   Missing response

4000

0.09

***

0.04 - 0.14

0.06

*

0.01 - 0.11

0.11

***

0.06 - 0.16

0.05

 

-0.01 - 0.10

   Light drinking

3496

0

  

0

  

0

  

0

  
  1. Demography includes adolescent age and sex, parental age, education and income.
  2. Cohen's d express group differences as fractions of standard deviations.
  3. * = p < 0.05; ** = p < 0.01; *** = p < 0.001.