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Table 1 Characteristics of study population (Source: secondary data, n = 1978)

From: Factors associated with default from treatment among tuberculosis patients in nairobi province, Kenya: A case control study

 

Cases (n = 945)

Controls (n = 1033)

   

Characteristic

N (%)

N (%)

Total (%)

OR (95% CI)

P value

Age group (Years)

     

Children (< 14)

68 (7.2)

102 (9.9)

170 (8.6)

1

0.6

Adolescents (14-19)

36 (3.8)

61 (5.9)

97 (4.9)

0.89 (0.53-1.48)

0.03

Young adults (20-40)

675 (71.4)

702 (68.0)

1377 (69.6)

1.44 (1.04-1.98)

0.12

Middle-aged adults (41-59)

139 (14.7)

153 (14.8)

292 (14.8)

1.36 (0.93-2.0)

0.004

Elderly(≥ 60)

27 (2.9)

15 (1.5)

42 (2.1)

2.70 (1.42-5.91)

 

Gender

     

Male

561 (59.4)

547 (53.0)

1108 (56.0)

1.3

0.01

Female

384 (40.6)

486 (47.0)

870 (44.0)

(1.08-1.55)

 

Treatment observer

     

Health care worker

266 (28.1)

248 (24.0)

514 (26.0)

1.24

0.05

Household member

679 (71.9)

785 (76.0)

1464 (74.0)

(0.999-1.52)

 

Co-infected with HIV β

     

   Yes

405 (61.5)

458 (50.3)

863 (54.9)

1.57

< 0.001

   No

254 (38.5)

452 (49.7)

708 (45.1)

(1.31-1.97)

 

Initial AFB sputum result Ψ

     

Smear-positive

391 (55.2)

454 (55.0)

845 (55.1)

1.01

0.96

Smear-negative

317 (44.8)

372 (45.0)

689 (44.9)

(0.83-1.24)

 

Type of Tuberculosis

     

Extra Pulmonary

199 (21.1)

213 (20.6)

412 (20.8)

1.03

0.89

Pulmonary

746 (78.9)

820 (79.4)

1566 (79.2)

(0.82-1.28)

 

Patient type

     

Return After Default (RAD)

27 (2.9)

15 (1.5)

42 (2.1)

2

0.02

New/Relapse

918 (97.1)

1018 (98.5)

1936 (97.9)

(1.14-4.09)

 
  1. β for patients whose HIV status was available
  2. Ψ for patients whose sputum smear was done
  3. OR - Odds Ratio, CI - Confidence Intervals
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