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Table 2 Baseline characteristics of girls vaccinated and unvaccinated with the quadrivalent HPV vaccine

From: Factors associated with initiation and completion of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine series in an ontario cohort of grade 8 girls

Characteristic *

Vaccinated

(N = 1425)

Unvaccinated

(N = 1094)

Adjusted OR †

(95% CI)

Socio-demographics

   

Age (mean ± SD)

13.2 ± 0.3

13.2 ± 0.3

1.10 (0.81-1.50)

Neighbourhood income quintile

   

   1 (lowest)

18.9

20.8

0.87 (0.65-1.15)

   2

17.5

18.9

0.80 (0.60-1.06)

   3 (reference)

20.8

18.1

1.00 (reference)

   4

20.4

21.3

0.75 (0.57-0.99)††

   5 (highest)

21.8

19.4

0.91 (0.69-1.19)

   Missing‡

0.6

1.5

1.34 (0.50-3.61)

Place of residence

   

   Urban (reference)

78.4

77.5

1.00 (reference)

   Rural

21.1

21.0

1.14 (0.90-1.43)

   Missing‡

0.6

1.5

1.34 (0.50-3.61)

Vaccination History

   

MMR

96.1

78.9

3.21 (2.25-4.57)††

Meningococcal C

88.5

60.2

2.16 (1.64-2.84)††

Hepatitis B

90.7

62.2

2.86 (2.14-3.83)††

All three vaccines§

83.2

51.1

4.89 (4.04-5.92)††

Health Services Utilisation

   

Hospitalizations‖

   

   None (reference)

19.5

20.4

1.00 (reference)

   1

61.9

59.7

0.82 (0.63-1.07)

   2

13.1

13.6

0.71 (0.50-1.01)

   ≥ 3

5.5

6.3

0.64 (0.38-1.06)

Emergency Department visits‖

   

   None (reference)

25.9

30.2

1.00 (reference)

   1

21.5

22.2

1.00 (0.78-1.28)

   2-7

43.4

38.9

1.16 (0.92-1.46)

   ≥ 8

9.2

8.7

1.13 (0.77-1.66)

Outpatient visits‖

   

   0-13 (reference)

8.5

12.0

1.00 (reference)

   14-45

40.8

42.3

0.91 (0.64-1.31)

   46-92

39.9

37.5

1.07 (0.73-1.57)

   ≥ 93

10.8

8.2

1.31 (0.82-2.11)

Medical History

   

Previous diagnosis

   

   Infectious and parasitic diseases

15.2

13.9

0.96 (0.70-1.32)

   Intestinal infections

3.7

3.3

1.25 (0.71-2.20)

   Chickenpox

1.6

1.7

0.92 (0.44-1.91)

   Cancer

0.9

0.6

1.55 (0.52-4.60)

   Metabolic disorders

3.0

3.0

0.90 (0.50-1.61)

   Disorders of the immune system

0.1

0.1

2.18 (0.07-73.24)

   Diseases of the blood

1.4

1.6

0.91 (0.42-1.98)

   Mental disorders

0.5

0.7

1.24 (0.38-4.03)

   Epilepsy, seizures, and convulsions

3.2

3.1

1.11 (0.67-1.86)

   Gastroenteritis

5.5

4.3

1.10 (0.71-1.72)

   Nephritis

3.9

3.4

1.24 (0.75-2.04)

   Congenital anomalies

7.0

8.9

0.78 (0.56-1.09)

   Syncope

1.2

1.3

1.05 (0.47-2.35)

   Other serious illness

2.0

1.8

1.05 (0.55-2.00)

Immune-mediated events

   

   Allergic rhinitis

0.2

0.4

0.53 (0.10-2.87)

   Asthma

5.6

6.0

0.96 (0.64-1.44)

   Dermatitis

4.3

3.0

1.46 (0.89-2.40)

Autoimmune diseases

   

   Diabetes mellitus

1.3

1.7

0.57 (0.28-1.15)

   Multiple sclerosis

0.0

0.1

-

   Bell's palsy

0.2

0.5

0.38 (0.08-1.69)

   Guillain-Barré Syndrome

0.0

0.0

-

   Juvenile Arthritis

2.2

1.7

1.28 (0.66-2.44)

   Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

0.0

0.0

-

Risk factors for autoimmune diseases

   

   Cytomegalovirus¶

0.0

0.1

-

   Epstein-Barr virus¶

0.2

0.1

4.29 (0.26-71.21)

   Campylobacter

0.0

0.0

-

   Influenza

15.5

13.2

1.13 (0.88-1.46)

   Mycoplasma pneumoniae

0.1

0.1

2.81 (0.09-87.47)

  1. OR = Odds Ratio; CI = Confidence Interval; SD = Standard deviation; MMR = Measles, mumps and rubella
  2. * Ascertained anytime preceding cohort entry; expressed as percentages (%) unless otherwise indicated.
  3. † Adjusted for all characteristics listed in table as well as vaccination program year.
  4. †† Statistically significant (p < 0.05).
  5. ‡ Missing because postal code in RPDB was either incorrect or unavailable
  6. § This variable was defined post-hoc and is adjusted for all factors listed except prior use of the MMR, meningococcal C, and hepatitis B vaccines.
  7. ‖ Cut points were based on the frequency distribution of the data for each variable.