From: A survey of schoolchildren's exposure to secondhand smoke in Malaysia
Smoke exposure at home (number of smokers at home) | GM cotinine | Total GM cotinineIII (95% CI) ng/ml | Total (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
 | Urban (n)I | Rural (n)II |  |  |
Neither parent smokes (0) | 0.38 (322)* | 0.22 (124)* | 0.32 (0.28-0.37)++ | 446 (47.1) |
Father only smokes (1) | 0.80 (240)* | 0.50 (192)* | 0.65 (0.57-0.72)++ | 432 (45.6) |
Father and mother smokes (2) | 1.54 (2) | 0.60 (1) | 1.12 (0.29-4.40) | 3 (0.3) |
Extended family member smokes (1) | 0.73 (23) | 0.42 (10) | 0.62 (0.42-0.89) | 33 (3.5) |
Father and extended family member smokes (2) | 0.86 (13) | 0.63 (20) | 0.71 (0.40-0.97)++ | 33 (3.5) |
Total | 0.54 (600) | 0.38 (347) | 0.47 (0.42-0.50) | 947 |