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Table 4 Prevalence proportion per 100 (95% CI) of being the victim, perpetrator or witness of different forms of violence over the previous year and lifespan by marital status and educational level.

From: Violence witnessing, perpetrating and victimization in medellin, Colombia: a random population survey

Types of violence

Marital status

P value

Educational level

P value

 

Without partner

With partner

 

Elementary

High school

Technical school

University or graduate studies

 

During past year

        

Verbal aggression

        

Victim

33.0

21.0

***

22.1

31.9

26.0

25.6

***

 

(30.4 - 35.6)

(18.3 - 23.8)

 

(18.1 - 26.6)

(29.2 - 34.7)

(20.1 - 32.6)

(21.3 - 30.3)

 

Perpetrator

29.2

16.9

***

18.8

28.4

21.6

20.3

***

 

(26.7 - 31.7)

(14.4 - 19.5)

 

(15.0 - 23.0)

(25.8 - 31.1)

(16.1 - 27.9)

(16.4 - 24.7)

 

Witness

64.8

51.9

***

47.4

62.1

59.3

66.0

***

 

(62.1 - 67.5)

(48.5 - 55.4)

 

(42.3 - 52.5)

(59.2 - 65.0)

(52.2 - 66.1)

(61.0 - 70.7)

 

Defraud or deceive

        

Victim

15.5

10.5

***

11.5

12.4

15.7

17.7

**

 

(13.5 - 17.4)

(8.4 - 12.5)

 

(8.5 - 15.1)

(10.4 - 14.3)

(11.0 - 21.4)

(14.0 - 21.9)

 

Perpetrator

4.3

1.0

***

1.0

4.0

1.5

2.9

*

 

(3.2 - 5.4)

(0.3 - 1.6)

 

(0.3 - 2.6)

(2.8 - 5.1)

(0.3 - 4.2)

(1.5 - 5.1)

 

Witness

30.7

21.0

***

17.2

29.2

22.5

33.0

***

 

(28.2 - 33.3)

(18.3 - 23.8)

 

(13.5 - 21.3)

(26.5 - 31.8)

(17.0 - 28.9)

(28.3 - 38.0)

 

Yelling and heavy pranks

        

Victim

27.9

17.4

***

18.5

26.9

18.1

23.0

**

 

(25.4 - 30.4)

(14.9 - 20.0)

 

(14.7 - 22.7)

(24.3 - 29.5)

(13.1 - 24.1)

(18.8 - 27.5)

 

Perpetrator

22.6

8.8

***

9.9

22.4

12.3

12.4

***

 

(20.3 - 24.9)

(6.9 - 10.7)

 

(7.1 - 13.3)

(19.9 - 24.8)

(8.1 - 17.6)

(9.3 - 16.1)

 

Witness

55.2

36.5

***

33.6

52.2

45.1

52.0

***

 

(52.4 - 57.9)

(33.3 - 39.8)

 

(28.9 - 38.6)

(49.2 - 55.1)

(38.1 - 52.2)

(46.8 - 57.1)

 

Unarmed aggression

        

Victim

24.8

18.3

***

21.1

23.6

21.6

20.3

 
 

(22.4 - 27.2)

(15.6 - 20.9)

 

(17.1 - 25.5)

(21.1 - 26.1)

(16.1 - 27.9)

(16.4 - 24.7)

 

Perpetrator

24.5

18.9

***

21.1

23.5

23.0

20.3

 
 

(22.1 - 26.9)

(16.2 - 21.5)

 

(17.1 - 25.5)

(21.0 - 26.0)

(17.4 - 29.4)

(16.4 - 24.7)

 

Witness

32.8

24.6

***

29.2

31.2

26.0

27.7

 
 

(30.2 - 35.4)

(21.7 - 27.6)

 

(24.7 - 34.0)

(28.5 - 34.0)

(20.1 - 32.6)

(23.3 - 32.5)

 

During life time

        

Armed threat

        

Victim

20.1

20.3

***

16.7

17.1

26.0

30.1

***

 

(17.9 - 22.3)

(17.6 - 23.0)

 

(13.1 - 20.8)

(14.8 - 19.3)

(20.1 - 32.6)

(25.5 - 35.0)

 

Perpetrator

2.0

2.4

**

2.3

2.9

0.5

0.8

*

 

(1.2 - 2.7)

(1.4 - 3.4)

 

(1.1 - 4.4)

(1.9 - 3.9)

(0.0 - 2.7)

(0.2 - 2.3)

 

Witness

40.5

37.6

***

31.8

38.7

45.6

45.9

***

 

(37.8 - 43.2)

(34.3 - 40.9)

 

(27.1 - 36.7)

(35.9 - 41.6)

(38.6 - 52.7)

(40.8 - 51.1)

 

Severe threat

        

Victim

8.1

9.7

***

0.8

0.8

0.5

0.3

 
 

(6.6 - 9.6)

(7.7 - 11.7)

 

(0.2 - 2.3)

(0.3 - 1.3)

(0.0 - 2.7)

(0.0 - 1.5)

 

Perpetrator

0.8

0.5

 

23.0

24.2

26.0

28.0

 
 

(0.3 - 1.3)

(0.0 - 1.0)

 

(18.9 - 27.5)

(21.6 - 26.7)

(20.1 - 32.6)

(23.5 - 32.8)

 

Witness

25.4

24.1

***

10.2

7.7

9.8

9.0

 
 

(23.0 - 27.8)

(21.2 - 27.0)

 

(7.3 - 13.6)

(6.1 - 9.2)

(6.1 - 14.7)

(6.3 - 12.3)

 

Unarmed robbery

        

Victim

21.6

21.4

***

16.9

20.2

27.5

26.9

***

 

(19.3 - 23.8)

(18.6 - 24.2)

 

(13.3 - 21.1)

(17.9 - 22.6)

(21.5 - 34.1)

(22.5 - 31.7)

 

Perpetrator

2.8

1.2

***

2.3

3.0

1.0

0.3

**

 

(1.9 - 3.7)

(0.5 - 1.9)

 

(1.1 - 4.4)

(2.0 - 4.0)

(0.1 - 3.5)

(0.0 - 1.5)

 

Witness

27.9

21.8

***

18.2

27.1

25.0

29.0

**

 

(25.4 - 30.4)

(19.0 - 24.6)

 

(14.5 - 22.5)

(24.5 - 29.7)

(19.2 - 31.5)

(24.5 - 33.9)

 

Armed physical aggression

        

Victim

7.2

8.2

***

9.9

6.5

8.3

7.7

 
 

(5.8 - 8.6)

(6.3 - 10.0)

 

(7.1 - 13.3)

(5.0 - 7.9)

(4.9 - 13.0)

(5.2 - 10.8)

 

Perpetrator

1.9

1.8

*

2.6

2.0

1.5

1.1

 
 

(1.1 - 2.7)

(0.9 - 2.7)

 

(1.3 - 4.7)

(1.2 - 2.8)

(0.3 - 4.2)

(0.3 - 2.7)

 

Witness

33.0

33.5

***

28.4

32.8

36.3

38.3

**

 

(30.4 - 35.6)

(30.3 - 36.7)

 

(23.9 - 33.2)

(30.0 - 35.5)

(29.7 - 43.3)

(33.3 - 43.4)

 

Sexual aggression

        

Victim

7.0

4.3

***

4.9

4.5

8.3

9.5

***

 

(5.6 - 8.4)

(2.9 - 5.7)

 

(3.0 - 7.6)

(3.3 - 5.7)

(4.9 - 13.0)

(6.7 - 12.9)

 

Perpetrator

1.7

0.4

***

0.5

1.4

0.5

1.6

 
 

(1.0 - 2.4)

(0.0 - 0.8)

 

(0.1 - 1.9)

(0.7 - 2.0)

(0.0 - 2.7)

(0.6 - 3.4)

 

Witness

13.4

9.0

***

8.6

11.4

12.7

15.3

**

 

(11.5 - 15.3)

(7.1 - 11.0)

 

(6.0 - 11.9)

(9.5 - 13.2)

(8.5 - 18.1)

(11.8 - 19.3)

 
 

n = 1262

n = 832

 

n = 384

n = 1108

n = 204

n = 379

 
  1. Population 12 - 60 years of age. Medellin, Colombia. 2007.
  2. *P < 0.05 ** p < 0.01 *** p < 0.001
  3. NA: Do not apply
  4. ND: No data