Table 5 Cross-sectional studies on chronic complications of diabetes in Sub-Saharan Africa 1999-2011
Complication | Location | Author (year) | Sample | Setting | Type of diabetes | Prevalence (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neuropathy | Cameroon | Ndip (2006) [52] | 300 | Hospital inpatient and outpatient clinics | N/A | 27.3% |
| Â | Nigeria | Odusan (2008) [53] | 108 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 2 | Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy: 34.2% |
| Â | Sudan | Ahmed (2000) [54] | 120 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 1 & 2 | Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy: 40% Peripheral: 66% |
Foot ulcers | Cameroon | Ndip (2006) [52] | 300 | Hospital inpatient and outpatient clinics | N/A | 13% |
| Â | Â | Kengne (2010) [55] | 1841 | Hospital inpatients | N/A | 13% |
| Â | Nigeria | Ogbera (2006) [56] | 1500 | Hospital inpatients & outpatient clinic | Mixed | 9.5% |
| Â | Tanzania | Gulam-Abbas (2002) [57] | 627 | Hospital inpatients | Mixed | 15% |
Retinopathy | Botswana | Mengesha (2006) [58] | 401 | Outpatient clinics | Mixed | 9.2% |
| Â | Cameroon | Sobgnwi (1999) [59] | 64 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Mixed, non-proteinuric | 37.5% |
| Â | Ethiopia | Seyoum (2001) [60] | 340 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 1 & 2 | 37.8% |
| Â | Ghana & Nigeria | Rotimi (2003) [61] | 840 | Hospital outpatient clinics | Type 2 | 17.9% |
| Â | Nigeria | Omolase 2010 [62] | 100 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Mixed | 15% |
| Â | Kenya | Mwendwa (2005) [63] | 100 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 2 | 7% |
| Â | Kenya | Mwale (2007) [64] | 96 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 2 | 22% |
| Â | South Africa | Motala (2001) [65] | T1: 47 T2: 172 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 1 & 2 | Type 1: 53.2%, Type 2: 64.5% |
| Â | South Africa | Read & Cook (2007) [66] | 248 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 2 | 32.3% |
| Â | South Africa | Mash (2007) [67] | 400 | Outpatient clinics | Mixed | 63% |
| Â | Tanzania | Majaliwa (2007)[68] | 99 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 1 | 22.68% |
| Â | Nigeria | Unuigbe (2001) 124 | 66 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 1 & 2 | 23% |
Microalbuminuria | Cameroon | Sobgnwi (1999) [59] | 63 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Mixed, non-proteinuric | 53.1% |
| Â | Ghana | Eghan (2007) [71] | 109 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Mixed | 43.1% |
| Â | Kenya | Wanjohi (2002) [51] | 100 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 2 | Albuminuria: 26% |
| Â | Kenya | Mwendwa (2005) [63] | 100 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 2 | 25% |
| Â | Nigeria | Unuigbe (2001) [69] | 66 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 1 & 2 | 50% |
| Â | Nigeria | Agaba (2004) [72] | 65 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 2 | 49.2% |
| Â | Nigeria | Adetunji (2006) [73] | 50 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 2 > 5 yrs, non-proteinuric | 83% |
| Â | Tanzania | Lutale (2007) [74] | T1: 91 T2: 153 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Mixed | Type 1: 12%, Type 2: 9.8% |
| Â | Tanzania | Majaliwa (2007)[68] | 99 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 1 | 29.3% |
Coronary Heart Disease | South Africa | Kalk (2007) [70] | 744 | Hospital outpatient clinic | Type 2 | White: 23%, Black: 4% |