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Table 1 Prevalence of Type II Diabetes in cross sectional surveys in Sub-Saharan Africa 1999-2011

From: Diabetes in Sub Saharan Africa 1999-2011: Epidemiology and public health implications. a systematic review

Country

Author

Site

Sample size (Participation rate %)

Age range

Method

Prevalence (%) (95% CI)

Un-diagnosed diabetes (%)

Prevalence IGT

(%)

(95% CI)

Prevalence

IFG

(%)

(95% CI)

% Obese

(BMI ≥30)

      

M

F

M+F

   

Males

Females

Cameroon

Mbanya 1999[22]

Urban & Rural

Urban: 295 (> 90)

Rural: 384 (> 90)

24-74

OGTT/FBG (WHO 85, ADA 97)

Urban: 1.0*

(0.1-3.6)

Rural: 1.1*

(0.1-4.0)

Urban: 2.8*

(0.9-6.6)

Rural: 0.5*

(0-3.0)

Urban: 2.0*

Rural: 0.8*

-

Urban (M: 1.6* (0.3-4.6)

F: 4.6* (0.8-13))

Rural: (M: 6.4 (3.3-11.3)

F: 3.1* (1.1-6.8))

 

-

-

 

Sobngwi 2002[23]

Urban & Rural

Urban: 1183 (96)

Rural: 1282 (98)

≥15

FBG

(WHO 98)

Urban: 6.2*

(3.7-8.9)

Rural: 4.7*

(2.5-6.9)

Urban: 4.7*

(2.6-6.8)

Rural: 2.9*

(1.5-4.4)

-

-

-

Urban: (M: 4.4 (2.6-4.3)

F: 10.4 (7.8-13))

Rural: (M: 4.9 (2.4-7.4)

F: 4.7 (2.8-6.6))

Urban: 5.4*

Rural: 0.5*

Urban: 17.1*

Rural: 3.0*

 

MOH Cambod 2004 [24]

Urban

10,824

≥15

OGTT

6.40*

5.70*

6.06*

80

-

-

7.51*

21.25*

Ghana

Amoah 2002 [25]

Urban

4733 (75)

≥25

OGTT

(WHO 98, ADA 97)

7.7*

5.5*

6.4*

69.9

10.7*

6.0*

-

-

Guinea

Balde 2007 [26]

Urban & Rural

1537 (77)

≥35

FBG

(WHO 99)

-

-

Urban: 6.7*

(5.1-8.3)

Rural: 5.3*

(3.6-7.0)

Urban: 59

Rural: 100

-

Urban: 10.3

(8.3-12.3)

Rural: 17.7

(14.7-20.6)

-

-

Kenya

Christensen 2009 [27]

Urban & rural

Urban: 281 (98.2)

Rural: 1178 (98.2)

≥17

FBG/OGTT (WHO 99)

Urban & Rural: 4.5*

(2.0-10.2)

Urban & Rural: 4.2* (1.409.4)

Urban: 12.2*

(5.4-23.2)

Rural: 2.2*

(0.8-5.2)

Combined: 4.2*

(2.0-7.7)

Urban: 21

Rural: 48

Urban: 13.2*

(4.6-26.5)

Rural: 8.6*

(5.1-14.0)

Combined: 12.0*

(9.2-15.2)

-

-

-

 

Mathenge

2010 [28]

Urban & Rural

Urban: 1437

Rural: 2959

≥50

RBG

-

-

Urban: 10

Rural: 5

Urban: 23

Rural: 41

-

-

Urban: 20

Rural: 10

Nigeria

Okesina 1999 [121]

Rural

500

> 40

FBG

  

2.6

   

-

-

 

Nyenwe 2003 [29]

Urban

502 (67.1)

≥40

OGTT (WHO 99)

9.1*

6.3*

7.9*

41

-

-

-

-

 

Oladapo 2010 [30]

Rural

2000

18-64

FBG

2.1

2.8

2.5

27

-

-

3.9

South Africa

Erasmus 2001 [122]

Urban

374 (workers)

> 20

OGTT

-

-

4.5*

   

-

-

 

Alberts 2005 [32]

Rural

2106

> 30

FBG

-

-

8.8

   

30

7.4

 

Motala 2008 [33]

Rural

1025 (78.9)

> 15

OGTT

(WHO 98)

3.5*

3.9*

3.9*

84.8

4.8*

41.5*

-

-

Tanzania

Aspray 2000 [34]

Urban & Rural

Urban: 770

Rural: 928

> 15

FBG

(WHO 98)

Urban: 5.9*

Rural: 1.7*

Urban: 5.7*

Rural: 1.1*

-

-

-

Urban: (M: 3.6*

W:4.7*)

Rural: (M: 0.8*

W: 1.1*)

Urban: 7.3*

Rural: 0.2*

Urban: 19.8*

Rural: 4.2*

Uganda

Maher 2010 [35]

Rural

6678

≥13

RPG

-

-

0.6*

(0.4-0.7)

74

-

-

0.5

3.9

Zimbabwe

MOH STEPS 2005 [36]

Pop Rep

3081

≥25

FBG

-

-

10

-

M: 5.3 (3.3-8)

F: 5.2 (4.1-6.7)

-

3.9

10.4

  1. Method: OGTT - Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, FBG - Fasting Blood Glucose Test, WHO 85/97/99: World Health Organisation 1985/98/99 diagnostic criteria, ADA97/04 American Diabetes Association 1997/2004 diagnostic criteria; RPG - Random Plasma Glucose Test for "probable diabetes" (>11mmol/l), RBG - Random Blood Glucose Test diabetes categorised as >11.1mmol/l; *age standardised; IGT: Impaired Glucose Tolerance; IFG Impaired Fasting Glucose; Pop rep - sample representative of national population.
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