Table 2 Multivariate analyses of factors associated with sporting activities and domestic activities in men and women (active [≥ 2.5 hours/week] vs. inactive)

Sociodemographic factors

Age

   < 80 years

46.8

1

34.6

1

57.3

1

73.7

1

   ≥ 80 years

30.5

0.52 [0.36;0.73]*

23.9

0.55 [0.39;0.78]*

48.8

0.83 [0.59;1.17]

58.0

0.62 [0.44;0.88]*

Place of birth

   Outside Germany

51.3

1

31.0

1

50.0

1

59.2

1

   Germany

40.6

0.61 [0.37;1.01]

30.8

1.02 [0.59;1.78]

55.1

1.19 [0.72;1.96]

69.0

1.47 [0.85;2.53]

Education level (qualification)

   No qualification or basic secondary school

42.6

1

28.6

1

60.0

1

72.6

1

   Higher than basic secondary school

40.5

0.87 [0.64;1.19]

34.4

1.30 [0.95;1.80]

48.0

0.58 [0.43;0.79]*

61.3

0.68 [0.49;0.94]*

Living situation

   With at least one other person

42.7

1

27.0

1

54.9

1

73.2

1

   Living alone

36.5

0.82 [0.54;1.24]

34.1

1.68 [1.22;2.31]*

53.2

0.97 [0.64;1.46]

63.9

0.75 [0.53;1.04]

Cardiovascular risk factors

Currently smoking (baseline)

   No

42.7

1

31.8

1

53.9

1

69.6

1

   Yes

28.1

0.45 [0.24;0.84]*

16.7

0.42 [0.19;0.89]*

63.2

1.25 [0.69;2.23]

48.1

0.38 [0.21;0.69]*

Waist circumference^a

Women < 88 cm; men < 102 cm

44.3

1

33.1

1

56.3

1

65.3

1

Women ≥ 88 cm; men ≥ 102 cm

39.6

0.82 [0.61;1.12]

29.9

0.97 [0.69;1.37]

53.3

0.88 [0.65;1.19]

69.4

1.30 [0.91;1.84]

Chronic conditions

Hypertension

   No

43.7

1

32.1

1

53.7

1

69.0

1

   Yes

40.4

0.88 [0.64;1.20]

30.2

1.03 [0.73;1.43]

55.2

1.08 [0.79;1.48]

67.8

1.02 [0.72;1.44]

CHD and/or myocardial infarction

   No

41.6

1

30.4

1

53.0

1

67.9

1

   Yes

41.9

1.19 [0.86;1.65]

33.1

1.35 [0.89;2.05]

57.7

1.35 [0.98;1.87]

69.6

1.31 [0.85;2.04]

Chronic heart failure

   No

43.6

1

31.0

1

55.6

1

70.8

1

   Yes

34.0

0.74 [0.50;1.10]

30.1

1.03 [0.68;1.55]

50.9

0.93 [0.64;1.37]

56.2

0.60 [0.40;0.89]*

Diabetes mellitus

   No

44.3

1

33.3

1

55.9

1

69.8

1

   Yes

34.7

0.67 [0.47;0.96]*

22.3

0.63 [0.42;0.94]*

51.2

0.81 [0.57;1.14]

62.8

0.82 [0.60;1.22]

Peripheral arterial disease

   No

42.7

1

31.9

1

54.8

1

69.1

1

   Yes

34.7

0.89 [0.55;1.43]

21.3

0.65 [0.36;1.20]

53.5

1.00 [0.63;1.61]

60.0

0.89 [0.51;1.53]

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

   No

43.2

1

31.2

1

55.3

1

68.7

1

   Yes

27.8

0.55 [0.32;0.94]*

28.1

0.80 [0.48;1.31]

48.1

0.68 [0.41;1.12]

64.6

0.91 [0.55;1.49]

Arthritis (degenerative or rheumatoid)

   No

42.0

1

28.9

1

56.2

1

68.4

1

   Yes

41.0

1.08 [0.76;1.52]

34.0

1.35 [0.97;1.88]

51.0

0.94 [0.66;1.32]

67.9

1.20 [0.85;1.70]

Osteoporosis

   No

41.9

1

29.4

1

54.4

1

69.3

1

   Yes

37.8

0.90 [0.44;1.86]

36.3

1.48 [1.01;2.17]*

59.5

1.29 [0.62;2.69]

63.7

0.87 [0.59;1.30]

Other health-related factors

Need for walking aid

   No

44.8

1

33.7

1

57.6

1

74.1

1

   Yes

22.7

0.46 [0.28;0.78]*

17.7

0.46 [0.28;0.75]*

36.4

0.42 [0.26;0.68]*

40.8

0.28 [0.18;0.42]*

Falls (past 12 months)

   No

43.3

1

30.9

1

55.3

1

69.3

1

   Yes

33.6

0.81 [0.53;1.24]

30.8

1.07 [0.74;1.54]

51.1

1.02 [0.68;1.54]

64.9

1.06 [0.73;1.53]

Pain (past 3 months)

   No

40.7

1

34.6

1

56.0

1

71.6

1

   Yes

42.9

1.22 [0.89;1.67]

28.3

0.68 [0.49;0.95]*

52.9

1.05 [0.76;1.44]

65.9

0.78 [0.55;1.11]

Environmental factors

Season

   Autumn/winter

41.5

1

28.6

1

40.5

1

60.5

1

   Spring/summer

41.8

1.04 [0.76;1.43]

32.1

1.14 [0.82;1.59]

63.2

2.73 [2.00;3.73]*

72.4

1.67 [1.20;2.32]*