Table 3 Socio-demographic and behavioural (risk) characteristics among new drug injectors in 2005, 2007, and 2009, in Tallinn, Estonia
2005 | 2007 | 2009 | P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
New injectors (N = 73) | New injectors (N = 57) | New injectors (N = 38) | Chi-squared Test | Chi-squared Test for Trend in Proportions | ||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | |||
Socio-demographics | ||||||||
Age (years) | ||||||||
< = 20 | 45 | 62% | 23 | 40% | 16 | 42% | ||
>20 | 28 | 38% | 34 | 60% | 22 | 58% | 0.030 | 0.023 |
Gender | ||||||||
Male | 54 | 74% | 45 | 79% | 31 | 82% | ||
Female | 19 | 26% | 12 | 21% | 7 | 18% | 0.623 | 0.338 |
Ethnicity | ||||||||
Russian+Russian speaking | 57 | 78% | 47 | 82% | 34 | 89% | ||
Estonian | 16 | 22% | 10 | 18% | 4 | 11% | 0.330 | 0.140 |
Environmental factors | ||||||||
Ever in drug treatment | ||||||||
No | 59 | 81% | 48 | 84% | 33 | 87% | ||
Yes | 13 | 18% | 9 | 16% | 5 | 13% | 0.799 | 0.503 |
Ever in prison | ||||||||
No | 44 | 60% | 37 | 65% | 26 | 68% | ||
Yes | 29 | 40% | 20 | 35% | 12 | 32% | 0.679 | 0.381 |
SEP use ever | ||||||||
No | 22 | 30% | 16 | 28% | 1 | 3% | ||
Yes | 51 | 70% | 41 | 72% | 37 | 97% | 0.003 | 0.003 |
SEP as the main source of syringes (last 4 weeks) | ||||||||
No | 41 | 56% | 34 | 60% | 9 | 24% | ||
Yes | 32 | 44% | 23 | 40% | 29 | 76% | 0.001 | 0.004 |
Injecting drug use | ||||||||
Age at IDU initiation (years) | ||||||||
< = 16 | 27 | 37% | 7 | 12% | 6 | 16% | ||
>16 | 46 | 63% | 50 | 88% | 32 | 84% | 0.002 | 0.003 |
Frequency of injection (last 4 weeks) | ||||||||
Less than daily | 57 | 78% | 30 | 53% | 27 | 71% | ||
Daily | 16 | 22% | 27 | 47% | 11 | 29% | 0.008 | 0.189 |
Main drug injected (last 4 weeks) | ||||||||
Fentanyl | 35 | 48% | 33 | 58% | 23 | 61% | ||
Amphetamine | 34 | 47% | 23 | 40% | 12 | 32% | 0.321 | 0.132 |
Receptive sharing (last 4 weeks) | ||||||||
No | 54 | 74% | 47 | 82% | 30 | 79% | ||
Yes | 19 | 26% | 10 | 18% | 8 | 21% | 0.505 | 0.435 |
Sexual behaviors | ||||||||
Number of sexual partners (last 12 months) | ||||||||
0-1 | 32 | 44% | 37 | 65% | 15 | 39% | ||
1+ | 40 | 55% | 20 | 35% | 23 | 61% | 0.022 | 0.984 |
Condom use (last 4 weeks)* | ||||||||
always | 26 | 36% | 11 | 19% | 9 | 24% | ||
else | 27 | 37% | 15 | 26% | 22 | 58% | 0.199 | 0.076 |